2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The representative of herbaceous perennial plants of the genus Gravilat stands out among its relatives with scarlet petals of flowers, similar in shape to the flowers of some plant species of the Buttercup family. Although, being a member of the Pink family, in terms of their botanical characteristics, the plants of the Gravilat genus are much closer to the Strawberries, well known to Russian gardeners, as well as to the shrubs of the Lapchatka genus
Multi-named Gravilat red-flowered
The official Latin name given to the plant by botanists is "Geum coccineum". If the semantic meaning of the Latin name of the genus of plants - "Geum", is lost in the depths of centuries, not allowing it to be associated with anything, then the specific epithet - "coccineum", is more accessible and understandable. For example, the word "cocci" is translated from Italian as "scarlet", and in French there is the word "coccinel", meaning "ladybug". And ladybirds have a red background of their miniature wings. So, the Russian epithets - "red-flowered", "bright red", "coral", are quite consistent with the Latin idea of botanists.
In English-language literature, Gravilat ("Geum") is usually called "Avens" ("Avens"). From here, Geum coccineum becomes Red avens, or even Dwarf orange avens.
So, when meeting these diverse names in the literature, keep in mind that we are talking about the same plant.
Red-flowered gravilat, ubiquitous and picturesque
Experts of the plant world of the planet argue that Red-flowered Gravilat cannot be found only in Antarctica. Although, who knows, perhaps the explorers of the icy continent just haven't gotten to the right places yet. True, once I met another expert who wrote that Gravilat does not grow in Australia either. I myself have not yet reached Australia, so I have to believe other people's words.
All representatives of the genus Gravilat, the number of which is close to fifty species, are herbaceous rhizome perennials. It is the underground rhizome that is the key to plant longevity. If in warm regions Gravilat is an evergreen plant, then in areas in which the winter temperature drops below minus eighteen degrees Celsius, the plant sheds its leaves for the winter.
The leaves of Gravilata red-flowered are very picturesque and can be an independent decoration of the garden. There are three carved green leaves on a relatively long petiole. The central leaf is larger, and the two lateral ones are smaller and look like the wings of an angel. The edge of the leaves is decorated with beautiful teeth, and the fanning veins give the leaf plate an exquisitely soft look of man-made fabric. Here is such a rosette of leaves of Gravilata red-flowered I met on the city lawn of St. Petersburg in June of this year:
From a low basal rosette of spectacular leaves on wire peduncles, five-petal orange or scarlet flowers stretch to the sun. They can be solitary or form an inflorescence of a small number of flowers. The flowers are bisexual, with a pistil and numerous stamens, giving the flat floral corolla a special charm.
The flowering period is quite long, from late spring to early July, and then re-blooming in late summer. If Gravilat is unpretentious to soils with good drainage of the soil, then it is whimsical to the sun's rays, which help the plant to bloom profusely and for a long time. Additional mineral dressing increases the splendor of the foliage, and "full sun" is needed for abundant flowering.
Chilean gravilat or Geum quellyon
This bright red-flowered Gravilata species in central Chile was originally described in 1827 by the English botanist John Lindley (1799-08-02 - 1865-01-11) as Geum coccineum. Later, botanists figured out and gave the plant an independent name.
Today, on the Internet, under the photographs of Gravilat with scarlet flowers, you can find a variety of names. Gravilata Chilean rosettes of leaves are higher and the color of the petals is more intense (in Chile the sun is hotter) than Geum coccineum. The spectacular terry forms of the Chilean Gravilata, actively used in decorative plantings, have been bred.
Note: All photos were taken by the author of the article, except for the photo of Gravilatus of Chile.
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