2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Gray rot most often gets to the tissues of growing cucumbers through wounds, and it can penetrate into flowers through pistils. Moreover, in the second case, the cucumber embryos rot quickly enough. And this ailment is caused by a pathogenic fungus that hibernates on greenhouse structures and in the form of sclerotia in the soil. The loss of the long-awaited crop can be completely avoided if gray rot is detected in time and immediately begin to fight it
A few words about the disease
On the cucumber leaves attacked by gray rot, shapeless and rather large specks are formed abundantly covered with a gray loose bloom. Often, the development of infection is also noted in the internodes, as a result of which there is a rapid decay of the infected areas, and the infected parts of the cucumber located above the sites of damage gradually die off.
Cucumber tissues affected by gray rot soften, get wet, turn brownish and become abundantly covered with a grayish bloom. Also, a lot of small black dots are formed on them.
When storing cucumbers in areas with mechanical damage, numerous necrotic spots are formed, dotted with a fluffy conidial bloom of gray.
The causative agent of gray rot is a pathogenic fungus that damages cucumber ovaries with leaves at high soil and air humidity, as well as during sudden temperature changes. In this case, plant residues are considered to be the main carrier of the pathogen. The germination of fungal sclerotia into conidial sporulation is favored by a temperature range from nineteen to twenty-six degrees. If the temperature is lower (from two to thirteen degrees), then the sclerotia will degenerate into apothecia. Often, conidial and marsupial sporulation can occur simultaneously on sclerotia.
To a large extent, the development of gray rot of cucumber is favored by both excess moisture and its lack, as well as an excess of nitrogen, a lack of valuable trace elements, watering at night or with cold water and sharp temperature changes. When wet weather is established, gray rot affects cucumbers, starting from the places where flowers are attached. And insects are capable of increasing the spread of the disease, transferring fungal spores from flower to flower during pollination.
How to fight
When growing cucumbers, the alternation of crops in the crop rotation must be observed, and plant residues must be ruthlessly removed. Greenhouses with greenhouses should be systematically ventilated, and it is recommended to water the growing cucumbers with warm water (ideally in the evening). Also in greenhouses, it is important to try to maintain optimal air humidity.
Areas of stalks attacked by an unfortunate misfortune are sprinkled with lime or copper-chalk powder. Also, the affected parts of the plants are cut out, while capturing part of the healthy tissue.
If the gray rot has spread quite strongly, leaves are removed from the affected areas in hot and dry daytime hours. This is necessary so that the wounds dry out as soon as possible. And the places of the cuts are either wiped with a solution of copper sulfate (0.5%), or sprinkled with crushed coal. In general, withered and infected flowers with leaves must be removed regularly.
Excellent results in the fight against gray mold give foliar dressing of cucumber. For this purpose, zinc sulfate (1 g), copper sulfate (2 g) and 10 grams of urea are diluted in ten liters of water. And when planting cucumber seedlings, it is useful to water the wells with a solution of potassium permanganate (5 g per ten liters of water).
Of biological drugs in the fight against this scourge, the drug called "Trichodermin" has proven itself best. It is especially well suited for preventive treatments. And among the chemicals, the most effective "Euparen multi", when processing which must comply with a two-week interval. Also, both in the open field and in greenhouses, infected stems can be coated with an aqueous solution of a chalk mixture and the "Rovral" preparation, while observing a ratio of 1: 1 or 1: 2. And so that the drug is better fixed, you can add glue based on CMC to the composition.
After the crop of crispy cucumbers is harvested, it is recommended to remove about two to three centimeters of soil from the top soil layer. And before the next crop rotation, it is advisable to steam the substrate thoroughly.
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