2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Tobacco thrips is a pest of not only tobacco, but also pumpkin crops (both vegetables and melons). It damages vegetables mainly in greenhouses. In addition, tobacco thrips can sometimes damage lily crops. In general, this polyphagous parasite damages over one and a half hundred species of plants, both in protected and in open ground. Most often cotton, tobacco and onions are affected by the outbreaks of tobacco thrips. And you can meet this scoundrel almost everywhere. It is especially unpleasant that he carries various viral diseases
Meet the pest
Tobacco thrips is a fairly common pest. Its unusually lively wingless larvae, growing in length up to 0.8 - 0.9 mm, are endowed with seven-segmented antennae and two pairs of wings surrounded by a fringe of tiny cilia. And the color of their body is very changeable: it can vary from yellow shades to almost black. The larvae of the very first instar are usually white, and the larvae of the second instar are already painted in yellowish tones. The nymphs have exactly the same color. And the eggs laid by these parasites are usually white.
The tobacco thrips differs from all other thrips in the almost transparent light-colored first segment of its amusing antennae and the presence of four distal setae on the anterior longitudinal veins of the anterior wings.
Wintering of adults (mainly females) takes place at a depth of five to seven centimeters in the soil and in plant debris, as well as in greenhouses with greenhouses and in numerous storage facilities under dried onion scales. They leave their wintering grounds mainly in the second and third decades of April. First, weeds are colonized by pests.
Eggs are laid by females in the tissue of developing leaves. Their total fertility reaches hundreds of eggs. Embryonic development takes three to seven days, and the larval stage takes eight to ten days. Each larva passes two centuries during its development. The harmful larvae, which have finished feeding, go ten to fifteen centimeters deep into the soil, going through two subsequent stages of development - pronymph and deutonymph. After about 4 - 8 days, the appearance of adults can be observed, climbing to the surface along cracks in the soil and immediately attacking growing crops. The full development of one generation takes an average of fifteen to thirty days. As a rule, on the territory of Russia, tobacco thrips develop in three to six generations, and in greenhouses they are capable of producing from six to eight generations.
As for the damage to the onion, it is usually damaged by both the larvae and the imago of the noxious tobacco thrips. They are especially harmful in greenhouses, as well as on onion plantings of the first and second years. Populating the plantings of the first year, gluttonous parasites suck all the juices from the leaves. Severely affected leaves lose their turgor and quickly droop, and their tips twist and turn yellow in a spiral manner. As for the onion of the second year, then on it gluttonous parasites feed on inflorescences with leaves, sucking juices from seeds and fleshy stalks. The harmfulness of these polyphagous parasites in greenhouses is greatly aggravated by the fact that, having been fed enough with onions, they can easily go over to cucumbers and damage them quite badly.
How to fight
Crops in crop rotation should be correctly alternated, plant residues should be destroyed in a timely manner, and the soil should be subjected to deep autumn plowing. If necessary, it is allowed to carry out spraying with insecticides. On growing testes, they are usually used before and after flowering. But it is strictly forbidden to use pesticides on onions grown on feathers.
Connoisseurs advise to treat the bulbs laid for storage after their preliminary drying with sulfuric gas (50 g of sulfur are consumed for each cubic meter of the room).
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