2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
In the past few years, reports of unusual phenomena have been coming from different regions of the country. In the middle of autumn, buds begin to bloom in plants characterized by an early spring flowering period. The re-establishment of flower buds at the end of the season in primrose, delphinium is familiar to our eye. When chestnuts, lilacs, hyacinths, Ayuga and other crops bloom on the eve of winter, this raises many questions for people. What are the reasons for disrupting the habitual biological rhythm?
A bit of history
If you think secondary bloom is a 21st century phenomenon, you are wrong. Scientists around the world have been studying the anomalous factor for more than 150 years. Deviations occur at regular intervals.
In total, about 50 species of shrubs and trees were identified, mainly from southern countries, capable of opening buds in the fall. At the very top of the list are: chestnut, magnolia, rhododendron, viburnum Buldenezh, sweet cherry, cherry plum, blackthorn, plum, cherry, rose hips, apple tree, lilac.
This year, Ledebour's rhododendron, Turchaninov's lumbago bloomed in Altai, chestnuts and dandelions in Stavropol, and lilacs in Vladivostok. In my garden, hyacinths woke up, a variegated Ayuga covered with a blue "cloud". Inflorescences are few in number, but they caused a lot of surprise. The examples are endless.
Danger of re-blooming
The appearance of buds indicates a violation of the biological rhythm of plants. On a healthy seedling, this is excluded. Weakened crops, instead of preparing for winter, spend colossal energy on the development of generative buds, which will not have enough time to form a full-fledged crop.
The result is the drying out of the branches or the whole tree. In the best case, the lack of fruiting in fruit crops, flowering in ornamental plants for the next year. (The pledged stock was used up in the previous season, winter conditions do not allow the formation of generative material again.) There is only one way out - to remove at the first sign, the buds that woke up at the wrong time.
The origins of re-flowering
Among the factors causing the unusual phenomenon, it should be noted:
1. Climatic conditions.
2. Failures at the genetic level.
3. Mechanical damage, pests.
4. Bacterial infections.
5. Aging of the body.
The combination of several reasons or the manifestation of one contributes to the out-of-season flowering of plants. Let's take a closer look at each component.
Climate
It ranks first among the main regulators of the launch of biological processes. In recent years, an abnormally warm summer has been replaced by a prolonged cold snap at the beginning of autumn. The temperature reaches a slight minus, snow often falls. Then there is a sharp warming during the month until the end of the season.
During this period, the vernalization of plants takes place. The body perceives negative indicators during the winter period, significant warming - during the spring. Generative dormant buds start growing, but there is not enough time to go through the entire cycle.
Dry weather in summer followed by heavy rains in autumn encourages active awakening. This phenomenon can affect the entire plant population or its individual individuals.
During the heat, lack of moisture, growth processes are suspended, and a period of relative dormancy begins. Rainy weather triggers a mechanism for further development. The buds laid for next year continue to form. The plant cannot "fall asleep" in time. The autumn extension of the generative buds begins.
In rare cases, a photoperiodic reaction is manifested, the circadian rhythm is disrupted. Crops that release buds with lengthening daylight hours do not correctly respond to its decrease with abundant flowering.
The rest of the reasons for re-flowering, timely assistance to plants in extreme situations will be considered in the next article.
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