Reproduction Of Hazelnuts

2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38

Among the nut-bearing species, hazelnuts are in first place in terms of nutritional value. The kernels contain 70% valuable oil, 3.5% sugars, 20% protein, many vitamins, amino acids, useful to the human body. Several seedlings need to be planted to meet the annual rate. How to increase the number of plants with small means?

Reproduction

Hazelnuts reproduce well in 3 methods:

• seed;

• dividing the bush;

• layering.

Let us consider in more detail the technology for increasing the planting material.

Seed method

For sowing, select the largest aligned nuts, without signs of damage. Sow in 2 terms: in spring or autumn.

A garden bed is prepared in September. They scatter rotted manure, dig a shovel on a bayonet, removing the roots of malicious weeds. Cut the barbs every 20 cm. The sowing depth is 5-6 cm. Distances in a row are 4-5 cm. Fill with loose humus on top.

When grown in spring, nuts need additional stratification for a period of 3-4 months. The fruits are covered with sand, moistened, covered with a film. Keep in a refrigerator or cellar at a low positive temperature. Take out 2 weeks before sowing. Warm up near the battery. This technique helps to ensure friendly, simultaneous shoots.

At the beginning of May, the hatched nuts are planted on the ridges, closed through the arcs with a film. As necessary, the soil is loosened, watered, and "competitors" are removed. The film is gradually removed in the middle of summer. For the winter, seedlings are left on the ridges. In the spring they are planted in a permanent place. Plants reach 30-80 cm in the first year.

Seedlings grown from seeds adapt better to local habitat conditions and show an optimal survival result. Fruiting at 5-7 years of age.

Dividing the bush

Young shoots are formed next to the main mother bush every year. It is used for vegetative propagation. Gently dig in the roots next to the stem. Separate from the main plant with a sharp pruning shears. They return the land, pour it over with water. A young shoot is planted in a permanent place.

This method is easy to implement and takes little time to prepare. Saplings enter the fruiting phase for 3-4 years.

Reproduction by layering

In early spring, small grooves are dug next to the main bush. On the underside, the bark is scratched in several places. Processed with root powder. Moisten the soil, lay the shoot, fixing it with a wire pin. The top is brought out vertically, tied to a peg.

Fill the groove with soil, forming a mound. Cover with non-woven fabric. All summer, they monitor the moisture content of the substrate, water it as necessary, trying not to erode the embankment. The root formation process is slow.

The next year, in the spring, the young are separated from the mother bush. Planted in a garden bed. With the vegetative method, the yield of planting material is small.

Removing overgrowth

Certain types of hazel are able to form massive growth annually, depleting plants, reducing the yield of the main product. In the spring, sanitary pruning is carried out, removing broken, thickening, underdeveloped, weak shoots. Each branch should receive enough light.

Clearing at the damage of the soil with the abandonment of hemp leads to the resumption of the growth of lateral buds. The bushes become even more luxuriant, instead of one shoot, 2 or 3 are obtained.

It is more efficient to cut out excess trunks at the underground level. In early spring, they carefully dig up the soil around the branches. A sharp tool is used to cut the stem under the base. They return the earth to its place, watered it with water for complete shrinkage.

At the age of 5 years, 20-25 trunks are formed in hazelnuts. In adult bushes, no more than 8-10 shoots are normally left. Branches with good roots can be neatly detached and used for planting elsewhere.

Knowing the method of reproduction of hazelnuts, you can easily increase the number of plants on the site. Provide valuable nuts for the family for the whole winter.