2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Plaster flaking and cracking occurs for various reasons. Consider the common factors affecting this process, and also give recommendations for eliminating these damages
Restoration technology of facade and internal plastered walls
External and internal finishing of capital buildings involves the application of plaster to the walls. It can be different: front, rough, decorative. Alas, even the highest quality work does not guarantee peeling and cracking.
Defects on plastered surfaces appear as a result of flaws in construction, from the negative effects of atmospheric phenomena, and improper operation. What to do if the finish is crumbling from the walls, peeling, cracking. Let's consider common defects and methods of their elimination through partial repair.
Peeling, swelling of the coating
The reasons for this phenomenon may be different: poor-quality composition of the lower layer, violation of the application technology, low strength of the first layer. Repair of such areas begins with tapping the wall. A dull sound guarantees the strength of the bottom cover and there will be no problems here. If tapping responds with a sonorous tone, this indicates the presence of voids and the prospect of destruction of ply. It is advisable to include these places in the repair as well.
The swollen areas must first be cleaned of the upper deformed layer. The tool is used depending on the condition and type of plaster: trowel, chisel, hammer. After cleaning on the wooden walls, the strength of the bottom shingle layer is checked. On concrete, brick, stone surfaces, defects in the form of chips, large cracks are removed, notches are made and cleaned with metal brushes. After these procedures, a primer is applied, and then a new coat.
Cracks in the plaster
There are many reasons for the appearance of cracks on the wall. The main mistake is when mixing the finishing solution. And also, perhaps, there was too fast drying or there was an excess of an astringent in the composition of the solution.
With small cracks, the damaged area is rubbed with a plaster mixture. Deep ones need to be eliminated in a different way: they are first expanded, cleaned, moistened and then covered with prepared, well-mixed plaster.
The finish is crumbling. What to do?
The plaster collapse occurs due to high humidity, with improper application of the solution to the surface, or a poor-quality mixture. You can prevent the possibility of shedding. If the room is with high humidity, you need to eliminate the reasons: remove leaks, establish ventilation.
The damaged area must be cleaned from the old layer and dried. After drying, the repair area should be treated with an antifungal agent and a new layer created. If you want to make a wall finish of increased strength, use a reinforcing mesh, it will exclude the possibility of shedding.
How to avoid cracking after plaster dries
Lack of experience, neglect of recommendations for plastering and non-compliance with the manufacturer's instructions for working with materials lead to the creation of a poor-quality coating. Most often, this is what leads to a violation of integrity.
Knowledge of the technology and the rules for applying the solution will help to make a high-quality coating and avoid cracking. Reasons for violation of the integrity of the surface:
• low quality of the composition, the proportion of cement in the solution does not exceed one third;
• the base for application must be solid. Otherwise, during drying, shrinkage may occur, which will lead to cracking;
• the mixture is always applied to the primer layer by layer, and the first layer should be the strongest;
• the presence of unmixed lumps of dry cement / sand in the solution during application forms cavities, which, when dried, form cracks;
• application of too thick layer (2 cm and more), poor drying between layers;
• lack of a reinforced layer (construction mesh);
• unprepared surface, the presence of chips, cracks;
• excessive moisture in the composition, non-observance of the proportion when diluting the dry mixture. Excess water weakens the structure of the plaster, and reduces adhesion.
Repair technology for decorative plaster walls
Decorativeness to the plaster gives texture. For interiors, various methods of plastering are used, which are divided into types: Venetian, structural, marmorin, silk. For the facade: bark beetle, lamb, stone, Venetian with marble chips. It is more difficult to repair such a coating. Consider the sequence of work with Venetian decoration.
1. Completely remove the decorative layer of the damaged area.
2. The surface is cleaned.
3. The adjacent edges are lubricated with an aqueous solution of PVA glue.
4. The area to be repaired is covered with a base coat, then with plaster until the required thickness is restored.
5. Giving texture, coloring.
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