2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Black spot of cabbage, or Alternaria, is found everywhere, most often in areas with sufficient moisture. Numerous pests that damage cabbage contribute to the spread of this scourge. This disease is especially dangerous for cabbage testes. When storing cabbage heads, you can also sometimes observe a rather strong defeat. In addition to white cabbage, black spot often affects a number of other cabbage crops, as well as weeds such as field mustard, shepherd's purse and some others
A few words about the disease
When affected by black spot, small brownish specks are formed on various parts of the cabbage, as well as necrotic specks with dead tissues. As this scourge develops, brownish concentric specks with a dark bloom consisting of fungal spores can be seen on the infected tissues.
Symptoms of Alternaria can appear not only on adult crops, but also on seedlings. On the cotyledons of the seedlings attacked by the disease, black necrotic stripes are first formed, and a little later their wilting begins. As for the testes, the pods with stalks are most affected. If the pods are affected, then the pathogenic mycelium easily penetrates into the embryos of seeds, which lose their germination and underdevelop.
With a significant damage to cabbage crops, the heads of cabbage are formed very loose, and the cabbage leaves begin to die off.
The fungus causative agent of black spot can overwinter both on seeds and on debris. And the spread of black spot occurs by seeds. At the same time, the pathogen does not penetrate deep into the tissue of vegetation.
To a large extent, the development of black spot is facilitated by a temperature of about 25 degrees, excessive watering and heavy rainfall, as well as thickening of crops.
How to fight
Before sowing, cabbage seeds are strongly recommended to be warmed up for twenty minutes in water with a temperature of 50 degrees. After that, the seeds are cooled and slightly dried. It is also allowed to dress the seeds with "Planriz". And in order to increase yields and immunity, as well as reduce the susceptibility to black spot before sowing, it is recommended to treat all seeds with a biological preparation called "Agate" in conjunction with any growth regulator.
When growing cabbage, it is very important to follow agrotechnical standards, as well as the basic rules for growing this crop, with all responsibility regarding watering, planting density and a number of other important features. You should not neglect the rules of crop rotation - it is permissible to return cabbage to the previous plots no earlier than three years later.
It is systematically necessary to combat aphids and remove weeds, including in the aisles. Plant residues are plowed into the soil as deeply as possible - the depth should be at least half a meter.
Choosing black spot resistant cabbage varieties is also the right decision.
During the growing season, cabbage plantings are treated with copper and sulfur-containing preparations. A good effect can be achieved when spraying with fungicides "Quadris" and "Skor".
For preventive purposes, as well as when the first signs of black spot appear, the vegetation is sprayed with a suspension of copper oxychloride (0.3%), one percent Bordeaux liquid or biological preparations (Lepidocide, Fungistop or Pseudobacterin-2 are suitable).
Before laying the seeds for storage, it is necessary to dry thoroughly - this is done throughout the day with active ventilation and a temperature of around 30 degrees. It is equally important to observe the storage mode of the harvested cabbage crop: the relative humidity of the air should be 65%, and the temperature should be in the range from two to eight degrees.
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