2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Maclura orange (lat. Maclura pomifera) - a species of highly decorative and fruit trees of the Mulberry family. Other names are maclura apple or inedible orange. The southeastern United States is considered the homeland of the plant. Nowadays, orange mackleur is cultivated in the Caucasus, Crimea and Central Asia, including Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. In Russia, mackerel is grown in the Stavropol and Krasnodar regions.
Characteristics of culture
Representatives of the species are deciduous trees up to 20 m high with numerous highly twisted shoots. The crown is dense, spreading. The trunk is slender, covered with fissured bark of a dark brown color. Branches are strongly curved, equipped with thorns; thornless forms also exist. Spines up to 2.5 cm long, located in the leaf axils. The leaves are dark green, whole-edged, ovate, up to 12 cm long. With the onset of autumn, the foliage acquires a golden color.
Flowers are small, greenish, pistillate flowers are collected in spherical capitate inflorescences, staminate flowers - in catkins. Fruits are round, wrinkled, yellowish-green or orange, up to 15 cm in diameter. The shape of the fruit is similar to that of an orange. The fruits are inedible, have a long shelf life, and release milky juice when cut. Large maclura seeds are edible. Orange maclura is distinguished by its rapid growth, salt tolerance, wind resistance and drought tolerance.
Growing conditions
Maclura has a positive attitude towards light, but light shading will not harm her. Plants tolerate urban conditions well, therefore they are suitable for growing in gardens and parks, as well as on roadsides. Orange maclura has a negative attitude to frosts, adult trees are able to withstand short-term frosts. The rest of the plants are unpretentious, including soil conditions. Cold winds are not afraid of makliure.
Reproduction
Propagated by seeds, cuttings, root suckers and cuttings. The seed method is the simplest. Sowing is desirable in the fall, since friendly seedlings can be obtained only when fresh planting material is used. Before sowing, the seeds extracted from the fruits are soaked in warm water for 12 hours. Sowing is carried out in a nutritious soil. With the appearance of two true leaves on the seedlings, they are transplanted into separate pots with the same soil. Culture propagation by cuttings and root suckers is carried out in early spring.
Care
Caring for maklura is not difficult at all and is subject to even a novice gardener. Watering is necessary systematic - as the near-trunk zone dries up. The culture needs timely loosening and weed removal. Maclure requires shaping trimmings, they are carried out 1 time in 2-3 years. Sanitary and thinning pruning is carried out annually.
Usage
Maclura has highly decorative properties, it is promising both in ornamental gardening and economically. The culture is used in single and group plantings, hedges, as well as to create a protective strip. Various medicinal preparations for stimulating heart activity and ointments used for the treatment of rheumatic diseases and wound healing are made from the fruit of the orange maclura. Maclura wood is used for the manufacture of furniture, sports and hunting bows.
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