2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The red-breasted pjavitsa lives almost everywhere, but most often it can be found in the eastern and central forest-steppe, as well as in the steppe. It attacks mainly millet, corn, durum wheat, barley and oats. Damaged leaves become whitish and dry quickly. Adults especially like to feast on leaves of winter cereals, as well as leaves of a number of wild crops - wild oats, wheatgrass and some others. Mass breeding of red-breasted birdies occurs in dry years, so in such seasons you should be especially vigilant
Meet the pest
The red-breasted pjavitsa is a bug reaching a length of 4 - 4, 5 mm and endowed with black shins and antennae. The elytra of these parasites are colored dark blue with a greenish metallic sheen, and their legs and pronotum are orange.
The size of the amber-yellow cylindrical eggs of these cereal pests is approximately 0.8 - 1 mm. The larvae of red-breasted drunks are endowed with three pairs of legs, clearly defined heads, covered with greenish-brownish mucus and slightly expanded in the middle part of the bodies. Pupae of parasites are located in capsule-like cocoons and reach a length of 4 - 5 mm.
Malicious bugs gnaw longitudinal holes in the leaves of cultivated crops. As a rule, this occurs at the stage of earing and booting of barley, wheat (especially tough), and oats. And voracious larvae skeletonize leaves, which dry up after some time, and the vegetation is noticeably inhibited and stunted.
The beetles overwinter at a depth of three to five centimeters in the soil, as well as in the herbage or on the fields sown with grain crops. Their spring awakening occurs in late April or early May. Beetles emerging from the soil in search of forage plants settle in plots and fields.
The females laying eggs place them in the form of small chains consisting of five to seven pieces on the lower sides of the leaves along the leaf veins. It takes more than a month to lay eggs - during this period, females manage to lay about 120 - 300 eggs. And the duration of the embryonic development of red-breasted drunks is about thirteen to fourteen days.
The larvae develop for about two weeks. Individuals who have finished feeding lose their mucous coating and move to a depth of two to three centimeters into the soil - there they equip cradles and pupate in them. Pupae development also takes about two weeks. A small percentage of bugs emerge on the soil surface and feed on all kinds of forage vegetation, and most of the parasites do not leave the soil until the next spring. During the year on the territory of Russia, only one generation of red-breasted drunks manages to develop.
How to fight
Among the natural enemies of red-breasted drunks, it should be noted that spiders, bedbugs and predatory ground beetles restrain the number of their larvae and eggs. At the pupal stage, entomopathogenic fungi help to reduce the number of cereal parasites.
To contain the harmfulness and reproduction of red-breasted drunks, you should avoid sowing spring barley and oats in the immediate vicinity of their last year's crops. It is best to sow these crops in the early stages, since early ripening varieties with lowered leaves are much less damaged.
A significant decrease in the number of wintering bugs is also facilitated by the peeling of stubble after harvesting rye and barley.
If the number of red-breasted birdies is especially large, it is advisable to start using insecticides. Usually they switch to it if there are ten to fifteen bugs for each square meter on wheat with barley, and forty to fifty on oats. The best in the fight against the red-breasted drunkard have proven themselves such means as "Kinmiks", "Fastak", "Karate" and "Decis Extra".
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