2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Bell peppers in central Russia are grown by seedlings. For beginner gardeners, I offer step-by-step instructions. Let's talk about soil selection, seed preparation, sowing timing, feeding during cultivation
Seedling soil
Many gardeners are trying to buy universal soil. The manufacturer claims that it is suitable for all vegetable crops. If you want strong and healthy pepper seedlings, make your own soil.
Each crop has its own characteristics and requirements for the land, so a universal soil cannot be ideal for tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplant, and cabbage at the same time. Each substrate must have a composition suitable for a particular type of vegetable.
For peppers, you need a loose and light earth. Even fertility is not as important as providing oxygen to the root system. Experienced gardeners prepare planting material in the fall. If you have stocked up on land, prepare the planting soil yourself, I suggest 4 options:
1. for 2 parts of purchased soil, add 1 part of garden soil;
2. for 2 banks of humus - 1 sod land;
3. for 4 parts of peat, take 2 sod land, 1 humus, 1 rotten sawdust;
4. You can mix peat and compost soil in equal proportions.
If you do not have reserves of your own land, use purchased land. To improve it, purchase dolomite flour. Add 1-2 tbsp for 10 liters. l. flour. The second option is a mixture of two types of purchased land. In equal proportions, soil is taken from high-moor peat (this information is on the package) and for indoor plants. Both purchased 5 liter bags, mix and add dolomite flour.
The next step is disinfection. Homemade or store-bought mixture must be processed in different ways:
• freeze twice;
• spill with potassium permanganate (dark pink color), you can apply any fungicide;
• ignite in the oven (+90 no higher).
Seed preparation
To get friendly and healthy seedlings, you need to do 2 procedures.
1.
Disinfection. Keep the seeds in a dark red manganese solution for about 20 minutes. Then rinse under a tap and immerse them in a nutrient mixture for a day (per liter of water + 1 tsp of nitrophosphate or ash). You can use the drug Azofit (5 ml + 0.5 water), immerse for 2 hours. There is another way: Ideal or Humat, dilute according to the instructions, soak for a day.
2.
Germination … After disinfection, dry the seeds for at least an hour. Put a cotton cloth (paper towel, cotton wool, etc.) in a saucer / plate, moisten it. Spread the seeds, cover with plastic and place in a warm place (+ 25 … + 30). Keep an eye on the humidity, add water in a timely manner. The process of swelling, germination is 8-14 days.
Many gardeners carry out another procedure -
hardening … The prepared seeds are placed in the refrigerator. Alternating 2 days in warm and cold - only twice.
Sowing dates for pepper
For planting in a heated greenhouse at the end of April, early and mid-early peppers are sown at the end of February, the first decade of March. By the time of planting, the seedlings should be 50-60 days old.
For greenhouses and open beds, it is better to sow mid- and late-ripening varieties. Sowing seedlings in mid-February (no later than mid-March). The age of the seedlings at the time of planting is 60-75 days.
Sowing pepper
The seedling box / container should be at least 10 * 10 cm. Fill the soil, water until completely moistened. Make shallow grooves 1-1, 5 cm, place the seeds in increments of 1, 5 cm. If sowing in cups, make 2 holes and put 2 seeds.
Sprinkle with soil, cover with polyethylene and place in a warm place. Can be placed over a battery covered with a board and cloth.
It is important to remember that pepper germination is lower than that of tomatoes (60-80%), so the seeds are always sown with a margin. There is also no consensus about picks. Many are successfully grown immediately in planting containers. Everyone chooses a convenient option.
Growing and feeding pepper seedlings
When shoots appear, the film is removed, and the container is placed on a light windowsill. In the first week of growth, the temperature should be reduced to + 13 … + 16, and at night to + 8 … + 10. Water generously once a week to the root. With the appearance of 2-4 true leaves, a pick is carried out.
Feeding is carried out 2 weeks after sipping into cups. The infusion is used: 10 l + 5 g of urea + 30 superphosphate. Further fertilizing is carried out after landing on the garden bed. By the time of planting, your seedlings should have at least 6-8 leaves of a rich green color and reach a height of 20-30 cm.
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