2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Daylily (Latin Hemerocallis) - flower culture; a genus belonging to the subfamily of Daylilies (Hemerocallidaceae), the Xanthorrhoeaceae family. Another name is Krasodnev. In nature, daylilies are found in the southern regions of Europe. Today the genus has more than 20 species.
Description
The daylily is represented by perennial herbaceous plants with a fleshy fibrous rhizome that sprouts thickened cord-like roots. The foliage of the culture under consideration is simple, two-row, broad-linear.
Representatives of the genus are equipped with densely leafy peduncles, which reach a height of 100 cm. The flowers are rather large, have a funnel-shaped shape, collected in dense lush brushes of several pieces, mainly yellowish, orange, pinkish and brick shades. Flowers bloom only for a couple of days, but they bloom gradually in the inflorescence.
Some species and varieties of the culture in question show their beauty only at night, but most bloom in the open sun. Inflorescences bloom up to 25-30 days. There are evergreen daylilies that retain their green leaves even when covered with snow. The fruits are represented by triangular polyspermous capsules. Seeds are black with shine.
Growing conditions
Daylilies are light-loving plants, prefer areas open to the sun. Some species are easily tolerant of openwork shade. It does not make special demands on the soil, but does not tolerate cooperation with heavy, clayey, acidic, poor and waterlogged soils.
Despite the fact that daylilies are moisture-loving, they do not tolerate waterlogging and damp soils, this factor often causes root rot. Some members of the genus are negative about the presence of lime.
Breeding features
The daylily propagates by seed method and vegetatively, namely by cuttings and dividing the bush. Only species are propagated by seeds, they retain the characteristics of the mother plant. It should be remembered that the seeds of daylilies are very short-lived, in addition, they require long-term stratification. Hybrids are propagated by cuttings and dividing the bush.
Cuttings are cut in the spring (in the third decade of April - the first decade of May), after which, without treatment with growth stimulants, they are planted in the ground, caring for them consists in periodic watering and removing weeds. In the fall, rooted cuttings are transplanted to the site where they plan to grow it. The optimal distance between daylilies is 50-80 cm, depending on the spreading of the bushes. It is not forbidden to cultivate daylilies in one place for up to 10-15 years.
Subtleties of care
The daylily requires infrequent but abundant watering, especially in dry weather. Watering is carried out closer to the root, water should not fall on the foliage. In the spring and in the phase of flower formation, fertilizing is carried out with mineral fertilizers. After flowering, the shoots bearing flowers are shortened. With the onset of frost, the green part is trimmed.
For the winter, daylilies are covered with dry foliage, bark or sawdust. Daylilies are resistant to harmful insects and diseases, thrips can pose a danger to plants. Affected specimens are sprayed with insecticides, diseased plants are removed.
Use in the garden
Daylilies are a highly ornamental flowering plant, which is why it has become widespread in ornamental gardening. The plant is perfect for decorating various flower beds, including mixborders and rabatka. They will also decorate the lawn and garden paths.
Dwarf forms blend harmoniously into rocky gardens. Some species can be grown close to ponds, and some can be grown as ampelous plants (in flowerpots, containers). Daylilies are also suitable for cutting.
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