2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Gray rot, or moniliosis, is common in gardens. This ailment attacks mainly apricot, cherry plum, sweet cherry, as well as plum with cherry and other stone fruits. And most of all, gray rot spreads in seasons with high air humidity, as well as with a fairly protracted flowering. Flowers on trees begin to dry out, young leaves dry up and wither, as a result of which the volume of the crop is noticeably reduced
A few words about the disease
Branches and shoots of trees affected by dangerous gray rot turn brown, wither and look like badly burnt ones. Further, as the unpleasant ailment develops, it is easy to see small growths painted in a grayish color on the infected tree bark.
Old twigs attacked by moniliosis become covered with cracks, and also nodules appear on them and a sticky gum forms. Infected branches gradually die.
On the surfaces of rotten fruits, chaotically scattered gray medium-sized growths appear. This feature distinguishes the hated gray rot from the no less harmful fruit rot - unpleasant growths when affected by fruit rot are always located in pronounced concentric circles. Tiny berries with wounds or mechanical damage are most susceptible to attacks of moniliosis.
The spread of the disease most often occurs in the spring by pathogenic spores carried by insects and wind. This usually happens during the flowering stage of numerous fruit trees.
How to fight
When growing all kinds of stone fruit crops, it is extremely important to follow the basic rules for caring for various fruit trees, as well as the simplest agrotechnical standards. It is equally important to systematically carry out various preventive measures aimed at combating geese, harmful weevils with moths, voracious caterpillars and other pests. You should also take prompt measures to combat various ailments of trees.
Growing varieties that are as resistant to the ill-fated gray rot as possible will also be an excellent solution. Among the apricot varieties that are most resistant to adversity, Nikitinsky, Arzami, Salgirsky and Krasnoshcheky should be noted; peach - Soviet and Juicy; cherries - Anadolskaya and Shpanka early; plums - Green Renklode, as well as Italian Hungarian and Azhanskaya Hungarian.
The soil in the gardens, as well as the trees, is recommended to be treated as abundantly as possible with copper or iron vitriol, Nitrafen, one percent Bordeaux liquid and Oleocobrite. The most optimal time for this treatment is the period before the start of flowering. And immediately after flowering, the next spraying is carried out either with one percent Bordeaux liquid (about 100 g of it is needed for ten liters of water), or with copper oxychloride. You can also use solutions of "Kuprozan" and "Phtalan", as well as no less effective "Kaptan", "Tsineba" or other fungicides.
With the Bordeaux liquid, growing cherries with cherries are sprayed at the budding stage, and apricots with peaches - before their pinky buds open.
Having stopped the choice on Bordeaux liquid or copper oxychloride for spraying trees, you first need to make sure that they do not provoke leaf burns. For this, the so-called control twigs, which have been selected in advance, are first sprayed. A net on sprayed fruits or necrotic spots on the leaves are evidence of burns.
Affected fruits should be systematically collected and destroyed as soon as possible. Do the same with dead branches.
It is necessary to harvest the crop carefully so that the fruits and berries do not receive any mechanical damage during harvesting. For storage, you should try to lay fruits that do not have any mechanical damage. Well, if symptoms of moniliosis were found on the fruits and berries sent to be stored, they must be immediately eliminated from storage.
It is possible to restrain the development of gray rot with the help of a careful whitewashing of skeletal branches and boles of cultivated fruit trees carried out in late autumn.
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