2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Does it make sense to dig the soil in the fall if the main planting work in the garden falls on the spring? On a cultivated site, annual deep tillage is not so necessary. But when you have just become the owner of a country house with adjoining acres, it is recommended to start the development of the site with digging the soil in the fall
What is the difference between spring and autumn tillage
Digging onto a shovel bayonet is useful for several reasons. Thanks to this care:
• prevention of the spread of both annual weeds and perennial parasites is carried out, the reproduction of pests wintering in the soil in spring - the May beetle, wireworm and other harmful insects;
• a favorable air regime is created and the moisture holding capacity of the soil is improved;
• direct burial of fertilizers into the soil is carried out.
If you carry out such a procedure in the fall, then, first of all, fertilizers will be better absorbed, and there will also be no need to perform these actions in the spring, when there are already many worries with seedlings and care for greenhouse crops. It will be enough to carry out surface loosening in the open ground immediately before sowing, crush large clods of earth and level the area with a rake or build ridges, if you prefer them.
Features of two-tier soil digging
To carry out a deeper cultivation of the soil structure of a long-uncultivated or neglected area, it will be necessary to carry out a two-tiered digging of the soil. Unlike the cultivation of the soil to a depth of a shovel bayonet, such digging is performed twice as deep - it reaches 60 cm. The width of the furrow is made the same depth.
The meaning of a two-tiered digging is to swap the layers of the earth, enriching it with useful microelements and fertilizers. Thus, the composition of the soil is improved at least twofold.
For this, a number of sequential actions are performed:
1. The upper humus layer is dug up and folded on one side of the furrow.
2. The subsoil is collected from the other side of the furrow.
3. On the return passage, the bottom of the furrow is filled with lime and manure, and the first humus layer of soil is laid on them, combined with compost or manure.
4. In the last turn, a subsoil horizon is laid, which is more abundantly fertilized with manure and lime.
The same work can be done by digging a furrow nearby and filling it with soil from the previous ditch.
Regular improvement of soil structure
In vegetable gardens, a single-row digging of land is appropriate, which at the same time deepens the arable horizon of the soil. For this, several different effective methods are used.
It is recommended when digging every year by 3-4 cm to go deeper into the subsoil, turning it to the surface, while introducing organic matter and lime into the soil. Loosening of the subsoil horizon with a plow is also used, but leaving deep layers in place. Such a plow must be equipped with a soil deepener.
In the process of cultivating the soil, it is important not to be lazy and remove all stones and plant residues that come across, and especially not to miss the roots of perennial weeds. This will help to get rid of wheatgrass, sow thistle, dandelion, bindweed in advance, so that they are less annoying in spring and summer. To protect the site from such parasites, it is useful to cleanse the areas adjacent to the garden from them.
After the autumn digging with the arrival of winter frosts, the moist, loose soil freezes well. Having thawed by spring, it will be well hydrated. A gusty spring wind helps crumbling large soil lumps and boulders. The gardener will only have to grind the lumps and loosen the top layer to a depth of about 15 cm.
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