2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Hyacinth (Latin Hyacinthus) - flower culture; perennial bulbous plant of the Asparagus family. Naturally, hyacinth grows in North Africa, Central Asia and the Eastern Mediterranean. Currently, 30 species are distinguished, but some scientists consider the genus to be monotypic with one single species Oriental hyacinth (Latin Hyacinthus orientalis) with a large number of various varieties and hybrids.
Characteristics of culture
Hyacinth is a herbaceous plant up to 30 cm high. The bulb is dense, spherical or conical in shape, consists of fleshy lower leaves, which occupy the entire circumference of the bottom with their bases. The leaves are long, smooth, deep green, belt-like, matte or glossy. The flowering stem is a direct continuation of the bottom of the bulb.
The flowers are funnel-shaped or bell-shaped, simple or double, collected in racemose inflorescences of 15-25 pieces, have a pronounced aroma, are located in the axils of the bracts on short stalks, can be white, blue, pink, purple or yellow. The fruit is a three-nested leathery capsule containing two seeds. Blooms for 2-3 weeks in early May.
Growing conditions
Hyacinth is a light-loving plant, it prefers intensely lit areas that are not flooded by spring waters and protected from cold northern winds. Soils are desirable fertile, well-drained, neutral. The culture has a negative attitude towards waterlogged soils, as a result, the bulb is affected by various fungal diseases and rot.
Reproduction and planting
Hyacinths are propagated by seeds, bulbs, babies and bulbous scales. The seed method is too long and is used only for breeding new varieties. With this method, young plants bloom only for 6-8 years. Sowing is carried out in September in seedling boxes, and grown in cool greenhouses for two years.
Most often, flower growers propagate hyacinths with bulbs and children. In this case, all the characteristics of the mother plant are preserved. Naturally, the division of the bulbs and the formation of children, as a rule, begins at 5 or 6 years. Too small children should not be separated from the mother's bulb, since the bottom most often remains on the bulb, and without the bottom, the baby cannot form roots.
The planting of bulbs and children is carried out in late September - early October. Immediately after planting, the soil is abundantly shed and mulched with a thick layer of peat or humus. Planting too early is not recommended, since the plant can start growing and, with the onset of cold weather, it will simply freeze and die.
Digging and storing bulbs
Many growers advise digging the bulbs for the summer. This procedure is performed in late June - early July. The bulbs are dug up, examined for damage and the subject of disease, the children are separated, processed in a weak solution of potassium permanganate and dried. The bulbs are stored in rooms with good ventilation with an air temperature of 25-30C. If the hyacinth bulbs are not dug up, it is impossible to guarantee abundant flowering.
Care
Hyacinth care consists in systematic weeding, loosening, watering, feeding and combating pests and diseases. Watering is carried out in dry weather, as well as during the flowering period and within two weeks after it. The culture responds positively to feeding, the first feeding with granulated chicken droppings, superphosphate and wood ash is carried out in early spring, the second - during the budding period, the third - a couple of weeks before the onset of frost.
Application
Hyacinth is a versatile plant, excellent for open field, early forcing indoors and cutting. Hyacinths look great in mixed flower beds, mixborders, borders, flower beds and rabat beds. Often used in group plantings on lawns and lawns.
Hyacinth is attractive even without flowers, but with the appearance of fragrant inflorescences, the plant becomes a real decoration of the garden. Hyacinth is combined with agapanthus, variegated cosmos, large zinnias, tall cannes, paniculate phlox and peonies. Planting against the background of coniferous bushes and bushes with openwork foliage is not prohibited.
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