2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
If you want to grow a rich and productive apple orchard on your backyard, you should know that you need to propagate cultivated varieties on winter-hardy rootstocks. Antonovka, Grushovka, Chinese women are suitable for this. They can be purchased in nurseries or grown independently from the most ordinary seeds of ripe fruits
Seed preparation during winter
The best solution would be to sow seeds extracted from the fruit directly into the ground in the fall. This will provide the seed hardening in natural conditions of development.
Sowing seeds of winter varieties can be postponed until spring. But you need to extract them from the fruits in late autumn or in the first days of winter. They should be dried and stored until sowing in paper envelopes at room temperature.
In the first ten days of February, they are taken for the stratification of the collected seeds.
For this:
1. For 1 part of seeds, measure 3 parts of sand or other suitable material. Sand will successfully replace charcoal, peat, small sawdust.
2. The auxiliary material is mixed with the seeds in a deep container and moistened with water.
3. Containers are sent for storage for about three months, first at a temperature of about + 3 … + 5 ° С.
4. It is important not to miss the moment when the sprouts begin to sprout - this is a signal that it is time to reduce the temperature of the content of seeds on stratification to 0 … -1 ° С. To do this, the container must be moved from the basement to the refrigerator or dug in the yard in the snow.
5. Stir the contents of the container every two weeks and do not forget to spray with water to keep the environment moist.
Sowing stratified seeds and caring for seedlings
Sowing seeds in open ground is carried out in April. To do this, you need to prepare beds from shallow longitudinal grooves. The seeding depth of seeds is no more than 4 cm. If a large amount is planned to be sown, a row spacing of about 20 cm is arranged for the grooves. In the furrow itself, a distance of about 5-7 cm is maintained between the seeds.
Summer care for crops in the open field consists in weeding from weeds, loosening the soil with a frequency of about once every three weeks. In addition to watering, fertilizing is carried out. A slurry solution is suitable for this. In addition to organic matter, liquid nitrogen fertilizers are applied to the beds.
Under favorable conditions and proper care, by the beginning of autumn, the thickness of the seedlings will be no less than the thickness of a pencil. On them, you can already start inoculation with an eye. Two years after budding, seedlings grafted with your favorite varieties will develop from them, which can be moved from nursery to garden.
Rootstock grafting technology with an eye
The best time to start budding is August. But it can be continued for the entire period until the bark is easily separated on the rootstocks. 5 days before the day of inoculation, the soil in the beds with wild birds must be loosened, and the lateral shoots of the plants must be cut off. On the day of the procedure, the boles are wiped with a damp sponge.
The cuttings from which the eyes will be taken are cut on the day of the vaccination, immediately cutting off the leaves, but leaving the petioles. The most developed kidney is chosen for budding. It is cut from a shank with bark and a layer of wood so that the length of the eye is approximately 2.5 cm.
An incision on the stem for budding is performed at the root collar. To do this, make a T-shaped cut with the length of the resulting eye. The eye is hidden under the bark, while leaving the kidney to peek out through the incision. Then tied with a ribbon.
Whether the peephole has taken root is checked after one and a half to two weeks. If the procedure is successful, the petiole will easily detach from the peephole. When this does not happen, the inoculation is repeated, but on the other side of the stem.
Recommended:
Choosing Home Apple Varieties
Without a doubt, the most cherished dream of every gardener is to have a luxurious and fragrant fruit and berry garden on the site. And it doesn't matter what kind of plants it consists of, because in a garden grown by overwork, each tree is valuable and beloved akin to a small child. In Russia, one of the most common types of orchards is the apple orchard. For the careful attitude and careful care, he thanks his owners with a large harvest of delicious and aromatic liquid apples. But this is his reason
Features Of Columnar Apple Trees And The Best Varieties
The history of cultivation of columnar apple trees is less than 50 years. During this meager period, more than 100 varieties have been bred, which have become popular in private farms. Let's talk about their types, timing of fruiting, placement methods for decorating the garden. Consider popular varieties
Apple Blossom Beetle - Apple Tree Pest
You can meet the apple blossom beetle almost everywhere. Its larvae and beetles are capable of quite badly damaging apple trees. The most dangerous is damage to vulnerable buds with the onset of early spring, when beetles gnaw deep enough pits into them with something resembling pricks. The harmful larvae feed on pistils and stamens and, gnawing out the receptacle, strongly glue the petals from the inside. The result of a similar activity of the apple blossom beetle is unblown, brown and dried buds
Varieties Of Onions For Winter Forcing
Onions and shallots are the simplest and most ingenious crops to be used for winter greening. But there are other interesting varieties that can be used for such purposes in the cold season. These include those types of onions that do not form the bulb we are used to, but accumulate nutrients in their succulent leaves, false stems
Red-gall Gray Apple Aphid - The Enemy Of Apple Trees
The red-haired gray apple aphid can be found almost everywhere there are apple trees. During the period of mass reproduction, it severely damages the fruits, and red spots that significantly reduce the commercial quality of apples are formed on the surfaces of pricks on their surfaces. It is noteworthy that the red-gall gray apple aphid can harm almost any varieties of apple trees, and all generations of this pest are equally harmful
