2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The red-haired gray apple aphid can be found almost everywhere there are apple trees. During the period of mass reproduction, it severely damages the fruits, and red spots that significantly reduce the commercial quality of apples are formed on the surfaces of pricks on their surfaces. It is noteworthy that the red-gallium gray apple aphid can harm almost any varieties of apple trees, and all generations of this pest are equally harmful
Meet the pest
The females of the red-gallium gray apple aphid have a broad-oval, close to spherical shape and reach a length of 2 mm. Their color can vary from dark green to dark gray with white thick powdering. On the dorsal side of the abdomen of pests, dark transverse stripes can be seen, and their tails, tubes, legs, antennae and heads are black.
The size of wingless parthenogenetic females also reaches 2 mm, only they are painted in olive and pale yellowish or in reddish-gray tones, which happens much less often. Wingless spindle-like females covered with a white powdery coating, 1.6 mm long, have a brown-green color with black stripes running across the prothorax. On closer examination, one can notice five segments on their antennae.
Dark brownish winged males with gray dusting reach a length of 1.5 mm and are endowed with transverse black stripes on all segments of the abdomen.
The eggs laid by the red-gall gray apple aphid initially have a light yellowish color, and a little later, after two or three days, acquire a pale yellow tint. Fertilized eggs overwinter under the lagging scales of skeletal branches and trunk bark. As soon as the buds begin to bloom, the revived larvae populate the undersides of young leaves, the edges of which, as a result of feeding on the enemies of the apple tree, gradually thicken, curl and coarse, thereby forming hilly galls of yellow, pinkish or red shades. Severely affected leaves dry out quickly and die after a while.
Before the start of flowering, the appearance of females is noted, reviving 50 - 70 gluttonous larvae each. And subsequent generations of pests are less fertile, reviving only 12 - 15 larvae. As a rule, in one season, three or four of their generations have time to develop.
With the onset of June, the emergence of individuals giving winged males and wingless females is noted in aphid colonies. Fertilized amphigon females usually lay two or three eggs remaining to winter.
How to fight
Fatty shoots of apple trees, as well as root shoots, must be cut out, since aphids populate them with particular intensity. Skeletal twigs and tree trunks in the fall should be cleaned of dead bark, since they often overwinter the eggs of parasites. At the end of this procedure, it is recommended to whiten them with milk of lime or a special solution of lime and clay (10 liters of water will need 1 kg of lime and 2 - 3 kg of clay).
If the number of eggs for every ten centimeters of shoots exceeds ten to twenty pieces, then in early spring, when the temperature reaches four degrees, but the buds have not yet blossomed, the trees are sprayed. Nitrafen will be a good assistant in this matter. When delicate buds begin to bloom, you can carry out the treatment with soapy water, as well as tobacco infusion and infusions of all kinds of insecticidal plants. If for every hundred leaves there are five colonies of aphids, then the vegetation is treated with insecticides. The most commonly used pesticides are benzophosphate and karbofos.
In the summer, when the red-gallic gray apple aphid begins to feed inside the folded leaves, it is advisable to use organophosphorus preparations. In general, in the fight against the red-gall gray apple aphid, it is allowed to use the control measures used against the green apple aphid.
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