2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Paulownia felt (lat. Paulownia tomentosa) - a species of deciduous trees of the Paulownia genus of the Paulownia family. In nature, the species is found in China (Hubei, Anhui, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan and Sichuan), as well as in Laos, Taiwan and Vietnam. In Russia, paulownia felt grows mainly in the Far East and other regions of Russia with a moderately warm climate.
Characteristics of culture
Felt paulownia is a deciduous tree 15-20 m high with a rather large ovoid or round crown. Leaves are wide, long-petiolate, ovate or cordate, pubescent on the lower side, pubescent on the upper side, bloom at a later date. The flowers are medium, pale purple, up to 5-6 cm in diameter, collected in paniculate inflorescences up to 30 cm long. Paulownia buds are laid at the end of August, sometimes earlier, but bloom only in the spring of the following year during the deployment of the leaves.
The fruit is a polyspermous capsule. Seeds are winged. Paulownia felt is quite frost-resistant (in comparison with other species), but since the sap flow of the culture begins early, it can suffer from spring frosts, as well as from sudden changes in night and day temperatures. Trees older than 7-10 years easily tolerate a short-term drop in temperature to -28C. The rest of the culture is not demanding, it is calm about summer drought, lack of minerals, and is resistant to smoke.
Growing conditions
Paulownia felt thermophilic, prefers areas protected from northern winds. Soils are preferable light, aerated, sandy loam or loamy, neutral or slightly acidic. It is undesirable to plant paulownia in areas with heavy clay, waterlogged, waterlogged and saline soils. On deeply cultivated soils and substrates with a high content of organic matter and minerals, paulownia wood ripens poorly.
Reproduction and planting
Paulownia is propagated by seeds, green cuttings and root suckers. Seeds lose their germination rather quickly, so they are sown immediately after collection. Reproduction of culture by green cuttings is the most effective way. Cuttings adapt easily to new conditions and take root quickly. It is important to provide the cuttings with constant moisture. You can store the cut cuttings for a while in a cool room, such as a basement or cellar.
Planting paulownia seedlings is not prohibited; it is recommended to purchase them only in specialized nurseries. It is advisable to prepare a planting hole for seedlings in advance, at least 2-3 weeks before the intended planting. The width of the pit should be 60-70 cm, and the depth - 60 cm. If the soil is poor, then the size of the pit is increased, but a larger amount of a mixture consisting of fertile soil, peat or humus, sand, and fertilized with mineral fertilizers is added to the bottom. Immediately after planting, the soil in the near-trunk zone is abundantly watered and mulched with peat or sprinkled with dry earth.
Care
Watering, weeding, loosening and feeding are the main procedures for caring for paulownia felt. For the first two years, watering is carried out regularly and abundantly, at least 1-2 times a week. With the development of a powerful root system, the crop's irrigation needs are minimized. Chicken manure should be used as fertilizer. Also, paulownia is positively related to fertilizers with a high nitrogen content. Insecticides and weed control agents cannot be used because the plants are very sensitive to pesticides.
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