2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Actinidia polygamous (Latin Actinidia polygama) - shrub vine; a representative of the genus Actinidia of the Actinidia family. Other names are actinidia polygamous, actinidia nasal or actinidia acutely fruited. Under natural conditions, it is found in Korea, China, Japan, the southern regions of Primorsky Krai, Sakhalin and the Far East.
Characteristics of culture
Actinidia polygamous is a woody deciduous liana, reaching a length of 4-5 m and having red-brown shoots. Young shoots are covered with grayish-brown bark. The leaves are large, ovoid or oval, rather thin, green, with a pointed tip and a blunt base, serrate or finely toothed along the edge, alternating. In autumn, the foliage is covered with silvery white spots.
The flowers are fragrant, medium-sized, single or collected in bunches of 2-3 pieces, reach 2-2.5 cm in diameter, are formed in the leaf axils of young shoots. The fruit is a multi-seeded juicy berry, has a cylindrical or fusiform shape with a slightly pointed nose. Depending on the variety, it can have a sweet-peppery or hot-peppery taste. Unripe fruits of actinidia polygamous are very hard, when ripe they are tender.
The species in question blooms in early June (within 30 days), the fruits ripen in late September. Outwardly, the appearance is similar to the actinidia kolomikta, has a number of minor differences and the taste characteristics of the fruit. Surprisingly, unripe fruits have a pungent taste, which is why plants are often called pepper. Unfortunately, polygamous actinidia cannot boast of frost-resistant properties and resistance to diseases and pests, but it has one definite plus - it is very decorative, and is perfect for ornamental gardening.
Actinidia grows fast, it is supportive with semi-shaded areas. But the soil conditions are quite demanding, prefers well-moistened, drained, loose, fertile, water and air permeable soils. Does not tolerate commonwealth with clay, waterlogged, saline, calcareous and waterlogged substrates. Like other species of the genus, it needs a durable and strong support. Trees are not suitable for these purposes. Growing in central Russia is possible, although in severe winters, annual shoots partially freeze.
Application
The leaves of polygamous actinidia contain coumarins, monoterpenes, saponins, flavonoids; in unripe fruits - alkaloids; in mature - ascorbic acid, carotene, vitamin P; in seeds - stearic, palmitic, butyric, arachidonic, linoleic and linolenic acids. For this reason, all parts of the plant are actively used in folk medicine.
For example, in China, fresh fruits are used to quench thirst, and powder obtained from fruits and roots is used as a pain reliever. Polygamol extract is used in medicine in Japan. It is included in the composition of diuretics and fortifying drugs. Infusions of shoots and fruits are used for rheumatism, lumbago, dizziness and even gonorrhea.
Common varieties
* Patterned - late ripening variety. It is represented by elongated cylindrical fruits with orange skin and noticeable longitudinal stripes. The taste and aroma are peppery-figs. Average weight - 4 g.
* Forest - a variety of medium late ripening. Allows to obtain elongated cylindrical orange fruits. The pulp is tender, juicy, sweet, has a pleasant taste. Pepper-fig aroma.
* The Firebird is a late ripening variety. It is represented by elongated cylindrical fruits of dark orange color. The taste is pungent, the aroma is weak peppery. Average weight - 5 g.
* Healing - a variety of late ripening. It has cylindrical fruits with orange or dark orange skin. The taste and aroma are peppery-figs. Average weight - 3.5 g.
* Zlata is a medium-late ripening variety. It is characterized by elongated cylindrical orange fruits. The pulp is sweet, pleasant to the taste, peppery-fig aroma. Average weight - 6 g.
* Spark is a late ripening variety. Fruits are elongated, conical with a shiny orange skin. The taste and aroma are peppery-figs. Average weight - 3 g.
* Beta is a late ripening variety. Produces cylindrical orange-red fruits. The taste of the pulp resembles sweet peppers and figs, the aroma is peppery-fig. Average weight - 3.5 g.
* Yellow spindle - late ripening variety. It is represented by elongated oval fruits of orange or reddish color. The taste is reminiscent of sweet peppers and figs, with a peppery-fig aroma. Average weight - 5 g.
Recommended:
Actinidia
Actinidia (Latin Actinidia) - a genus of woody lianas of the Actinidia family. One of the famous cultivated species of this genus is the gourmet actinidia, or kiwi. Currently, there are about 40 species. Natural habitat - Himalayas, Southeast and Central Asia.
Actinidia Argut
Actinidia arguta (Latin Actinidia arguta) - large perennial vine; a representative of the genus Actinidia of the Actinidia family. The second name is acute actinidia. In nature, it grows in coniferous and replaced forests in China, Korea, Japan and the Russian Far East.
Actinidia Kolomikta
Actinidia kolomikta (Latin Actinidia kolomikta) - fruit crop; a representative of the genus Actinidia of the Actinidia family. It is considered one of the most common species in culture. In nature, it grows in coniferous and mixed forests, on mountain slopes, clearings, along the banks of springs, on forest edges and stony placers in China, Korea, Japan, Khabarovsk Territory, Primorye, Priamurye and Sakhalin.
Actinidia Giralda
Actinidia Giralda (Latin Actinidia giraldii) - berry culture; a representative of the genus Actinidia of the Actinidia family. Outwardly, the appearance is similar to the Argut actinidia, it differs only in the thickness of the leaves and the presence of pubescence.
Polygamous Hernia
Polygamous hernia (lat.Herniaria polygama) - a herbaceous plant of the genus Herniaria (lat.Herniaria), ranked by botanists in the Clove family (lat.Caryophyllaceae). Outwardly, this species of the genus is very similar to Herniaria glabra.
