2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Actinidia Giralda (Latin Actinidia giraldii) - berry culture; a representative of the genus Actinidia of the Actinidia family. Outwardly, the appearance is similar to the Argut actinidia, it differs only in the thickness of the leaves and the presence of pubescence. In nature, actinidia Giralda is found in Korea and China, as well as in the southern regions of Primorsky Krai. Among gardeners in Russia, it did not receive distribution, although it can boast of a good yield (up to 5 kg of fruits from one adult bush).
Characteristics of culture
Actinidia is a relict plant that has survived since the Tertiary period in the Far East. The climate change with subsequent glaciation, which did not affect some regions of East Asia, did not destroy actinidia. Plants managed to adapt to new conditions, and therefore the culture has survived to this day.
Actinidia Giralda is not the most popular species of the genus, it is represented by powerful vines with long stems reaching 10 m. The leaves of plants are very thin, ovoid, large, dark green on the outside and light green on the back, sharp-toothed along the edge, sharp on tip, with a rounded, wedge-shaped or heart-shaped base, covered with hairs at the corners of the veins.
Flowers are white, single or collected in shields of 3-7 pieces. Fruits are elliptical or barrel-shaped, brown-green or dark green, equipped with a rough skin and a funnel at the base, have a rich apple-pineapple aroma. When ripe, the fruits become soft, very juicy and sweet. Actinidia Giralda blooms in June, the fruits ripen in September.
Pollination in the culture is cross, therefore, several female and male specimens must be planted on the site. Liana is ideal for growing in central Russia, it is winter hardy and has excellent fruit quality. It needs a strong support, from which the vines are not removed with the onset of winter, since they negatively relate to this approach, they often die.
The subtleties of growing
Actinidia Giralda is a demanding plant. It develops best on rich, moist, loose, water and air permeable, drained soils. Will not tolerate community with compacted, heavy, clayey, dry, poor and waterlogged soils. Actinidia Giralda propagates by seeds, winter and summer cuttings, air layers, root suckers and grafting.
Seeds are sown from seedling boxes or greenhouses, but first they are mixed with coarse sand. Spring sowing is also possible, but a two-month stratification is required beforehand. Saplings are planted in the spring. The dimensions of the planting pit are 60 * 60 cm. The top layer of earth, taken out of the pit, is mixed with compost or humus. You cannot use fresh manure.
Since actinidia Giralda bears fruit for a long time (30-40 years), it is important to provide the vines with reliable support. A culture should not be planted near tall trees and shrubs, since they are able to take away most of the moisture and nutrients, which is unacceptable. Actinidia care consists in shallow loosening, watering, dressing and pruning.
Pruning is recommended in the fall, immediately after harvest. The formation of actinidia begins from the second year. In addition to root watering, plants need frequent spraying. It is advisable to carry out this procedure in the morning or evening.
The species in question is rarely affected by pests and diseases. With improper care and unfavorable growing conditions, vines are affected by powdery mildew, phyllostictosis and other fungal diseases. With a slight lesion, Bordeaux liquid is used, with global lesions, chemical preparations.
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Actinidia
Actinidia (Latin Actinidia) - a genus of woody lianas of the Actinidia family. One of the famous cultivated species of this genus is the gourmet actinidia, or kiwi. Currently, there are about 40 species. Natural habitat - Himalayas, Southeast and Central Asia.
Actinidia Argut
Actinidia arguta (Latin Actinidia arguta) - large perennial vine; a representative of the genus Actinidia of the Actinidia family. The second name is acute actinidia. In nature, it grows in coniferous and replaced forests in China, Korea, Japan and the Russian Far East.
Actinidia Kolomikta
Actinidia kolomikta (Latin Actinidia kolomikta) - fruit crop; a representative of the genus Actinidia of the Actinidia family. It is considered one of the most common species in culture. In nature, it grows in coniferous and mixed forests, on mountain slopes, clearings, along the banks of springs, on forest edges and stony placers in China, Korea, Japan, Khabarovsk Territory, Primorye, Priamurye and Sakhalin.
Actinidia Chinese
Actinidia Chinese (Latin Actinidia chinensis) - a representative of the genus Actinidia of the Actinidia family. The homeland of the plant is China. The fruits of Chinese actinidia are called kiwi. This fruit is popular in many countries of the world because of its excellent taste and beneficial properties.
Actinidia Polygamous
Actinidia polygamous (Latin Actinidia polygama) - shrub vine; a representative of the genus Actinidia of the Actinidia family. Other names are actinidia polygamous, actinidia nasal or actinidia acutely fruited. Under natural conditions, it is found in Korea, China, Japan, the southern regions of Primorsky Krai, Sakhalin and the Far East.
