2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Photo: subbotina / Rusmediabank.ru
Pear is deservedly one of the most popular fruit crops among gardeners. Its fruits are appreciated for their unique taste, pleasant aroma and beneficial properties. The main value of a pear is that it contains bioactive compounds (serotonin, arbutin, chlorogenic acid, etc.), which can prevent some human diseases and cope with inflammation of the urinary tract. And this is an incomplete list of the beneficial properties of a pear.
In some regions of Russia, culture is difficult to cultivate. For example, in northern cities and in Siberia, in winter, pears are exposed to freezing of wood and flower buds, as well as the loss of skeletal and semi-skeletal branches. With regular care in terms of yield, the plant is not inferior even to an apple tree, and in low-mountain regions it even exceeds it.
Growing conditions and care
Timely execution of pear care works makes up for the insufficient adaptation of trees to local growing conditions. It is best to plant the pear in higher elevations or small slopes with air drainage. Planting crops in closed pits is not recommended, especially in those where there is no cold air drain.
Pear prefers chestnut, chernozem, loamy and gray forest types of soils, they should be structural and fertile. For this reason, fertilizing poor and structureless soils with mineral and organic fertilizers cannot be avoided. Mature plants require good lighting, while young ones, on the contrary, require light shading. In hot sunny weather, young trees turn black and subsequently dry out.
The pear is a moisture-loving plant; during the entire gardening season, it should not experience a lack of moisture. The culture spends a lot of moisture during flowering, intensive growth and filling of fruits. Trees are watered once a month, on hot days they are sprayed with plain water, but strictly in the afternoon.
Pruning and crop formation also play an important role in obtaining high yields. The first pruning is carried out 9-10 years after planting, excess skeletal branches are removed, and semi-skeletal branches are shortened. Formative pruning is carried out every year in the spring, but before the buds swell. Sanitary pruning is also required: removal of old, frozen and broken branches.
Mineral and organic fertilizers are applied in the second year after planting. For feeding pears are ideal: humus, potassium chloride and urea.
Landing
Experienced gardeners say that it is better to plant a pear in the fall, but this procedure is permissible in the spring as well. Before planting the seedling, the soil taken out of the pit is mixed with humus and superphosphate. Part of the soil mixture is poured into the hole, the seedling is lowered, tamped with the remaining soil and watered abundantly. Pear begins to bear fruit 3-5 years after planting.
In favorable years, the crop yield is so large that the trees are severely depleted, and in winter they freeze due to lack of nutrients. In order to avoid such consequences, it is recommended to fertilize with mineral fertilizers, loosening the near-trunk circle and abundant watering.
Almost all varieties of pears are self-fertile; in order to obtain good yields of all varieties, it is necessary to have at least two inter-pollinating species in the garden. If only one crop tree is grown on the site, it is recommended to vaccinate at least 2 or 3 varieties. It is advisable to plant winter-hardy varieties with good yields, for example, Tema, Fields, Sibiryachka, Veselinka, Vnuchka, Powislaya or Kuyumskaya. They are ideal for both conservation and fresh consumption.
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