2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Every gardener can masterfully get a full-fledged plant with a well-developed root system from a small twig to try himself in the role of a "magician". To do this, you need to know certain principles. Let's continue our acquaintance with the successful rooting technique
Physical indicators
The air humidity is maintained at a level of 90-100% due to daily spraying from a spray bottle. Large farms use fogging plants.
The easiest option is to place several containers with an open water surface between the rows. The evaporating liquid will create an optimal moisture level.
It plays a double role in providing the greenhouse with the required performance. During the day, heating up, the water takes away excess heat, at night it gives it to the plants. With this care, the twigs are not afraid of short-term night frosts. The temperature at different times of the day is practically at the same level.
In the summer, natural light is sufficient for the active rooting of shoots.
Soil composition
An important contributing factor is the composition of the soil. If the soil does not meet the requirements of the crop, stimulants will not correct this situation.
Main factors:
• lightweight breathable structure;
• good moisture holding capacity;
• balanced diet;
• high natural fertility;
• absence of pathogens, pests.
To create a powerful root system, cuttings need loose soil. Loosening is created by sand, small fraction of sawdust. The addition of peat, compost, humus - increases its fertility. Perlite or vermiculite creates a good moisture holding capacity.
Before installing the frame, carefully dig up the soil to the depth of the arable layer. The roots of the malignant weeds are selected. The above components are added. On acidic soils, additional lime-containing substances are added, bringing the level to a neutral state. Ephedra are an exception to the rule. They need a slightly acidic soil.
Mix all the ingredients until smooth. Clean sand is poured on top with a layer of 3-4 cm. It is easier for the roots to overcome the resistance of the light substrate at the initial stage of regrowth.
Rooting time
The best time for green cuttings is the phase of active growth of crops, light lignification of the lower part of the shoot. For most plants in Central Russia - from mid to late June.
Harvesting cuttings
Cut branches of deciduous trees 15-20 cm long. The lower pair of leaves is removed completely, on the upper one, the surface is reduced by half. The cut that goes into the soil is made at an angle of 45 degrees, retreating 0.5 cm below the kidney. The upper one is straight 1 cm above the leaves. Before planting, the cuttings are kept in a glass of water.
For conifers, a completely different method is used. Tear off the lateral branches together with a part of the lignified, matured bark of the base ("heel"). Cuttings are harvested early in the morning on cloudy days with a length of 10-12 cm, for dwarf specimens - 6-8 cm. They try to take young shoots closer to the top.
They are placed directly in water so that the escaping resin does not close the pores, significantly reducing the percentage of rooting.
Before planting in conifers, the bark layer is disturbed in the lower part. Scratch with a nail file or make longitudinal cuts with a blunt knife to the core. This technique allows the roots to form faster.
The rooting rate depends on the breed. Propagate well by cuttings: thuja, juniper, yew, cypress, microbiota, tuevik. The process is more complicated for dwarf forms of pine, spruce, fir, larch. For wild, tall species, it is almost impossible.
We will consider the necessary preparations, planting, care, wintering cuttings in the next article.
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