2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Lily (lat. Lilium) - flower culture; herbaceous perennial or annual belonging to the Liliaceae family. Under natural conditions, it grows in the mountainous regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
Description
Lily is represented by bulbous plants with a leafy and simple stem, which is a direct continuation of the bottom of the bulb. The lily bulb itself is round or egg-shaped, with a diameter of no more than 10 cm, consists of small scales tightly adjacent to each other. Roots and daughter buds are formed from the tissue of the bottom of the bulb. Lily bulbs can be bright pink, light purple, white or yellowish in color. Also, the bulb can be concentric, rhizome or stolonic.
The stem is green, reaches a height of 2.5 m, its thickness is 1-3 cm, on the surface it has streaks of brown or purple. In some varieties of culture, bulbs are formed on the stem. Leaves are sessile, linear, arranged alternately, parallel or in a spiral, with a mesh-like vein surface.
The perianth of the flower is simple, orange, pinkish, bright red, wine-colored, yellow or green-yellow, consisting of six free and close to each other by a funnel straight or slightly curved petals. The flowers are large, collected in racemose or umbellate inflorescences, have a pleasant and pronounced aroma.
The subtleties of growing
Lily is a culture that prefers areas that are well lit and protected from cold winds. The plant is quite demanding to the location and composition of the soil; it grows well on loose, nutritious, neutral soils. Lily has a negative attitude towards moist soils, it develops poorly and blooms in lowlands and areas with a high occurrence of groundwater.
Reproduction and planting
Lilies are propagated by seeds, bulbs, daughter bulbs, stem cuttings and bulb scales. Sowing seeds for seedlings is carried out in the third decade of February - the first decade of March. Most often, flower growers propagate the culture with daughter bulbs. They are planted in the first decade of September, but if the planting date was moved to a later period, the plants are carefully mulched with peat or covered with special material. Planting too early is undesirable, especially for Dutch lilies, since before the onset of stable frosts, the bulbs throw out flowering stems, and as a result they freeze slightly, which leads to death.
Before planting, the lily bulbs are cleaned of roots and damaged scales, and the cuts are treated with crushed wood ash. Phosphorus, nitrogen and potash fertilizers and fine-grained sand are added to the previously dug soil in areas intended for growing crops. Soil cultivation with copper sulfate is welcome. The planting depth depends solely on the bulb size and soil structure. The distance between tall and spreading plants should be about 30 cm, between low plants - 15 cm.
Care procedures
Caring for the crop in question consists of timely weeding, moderate watering, top dressing.. Water the plants closer to the root as needed. Waterlogging should not be allowed, this can lead to rotting of the bulbs. Top dressing is carried out a couple of times during the growing season. In April - May, lilies are fed with nitrogen fertilizers, in the budding phase - with complex fertilizers, immediately after flowering - with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. To enhance the growth of the culture, the use of micronutrients is not prohibited.
After flowering, the wilted peduncles are cut off, which, together with the fallen leaves, are burned. Such a procedure is necessary as a preventive measure against diseases and pests. Species and varietal groups that do not differ in winter hardiness are covered for the winter.
Transplanting bulbs
Many species of the culture in question are capable of growing in one area for up to 3 years. After the bulbs are dug up and planted on a new site.. It is advisable to dig up the bulbs in the first decade of September, by which time they are recovering after flowering. The next year, the flowers are cut off, preventing them from blooming.
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