2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Proper storage of the crop grown in the garden plays a big role in the life of any person. In order to eat your organic food all year round, it is important to preserve healthy vitamins as much as possible. Gardeners often ask the question: “How to preserve the harvest without losses in winter? What premises are suitable for these purposes? " Let's try to understand them in order
Storage locations
Different types of structures are used for storing vegetables and fruits:
• trenches, heaps;
• basement;
• subfloor;
• cellar.
Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. Let's consider them in more detail.
Trenches and heaps
The simplest construction, which does not require large material costs. On the territory of the garden, a hole or trench is dug with a depth of 1.5-2 meters. The walls are preferably made of iron in order to prevent the invasion of rodents. Dry straw or hay is placed on the bottom, then the harvest in layers. Different types of vegetables are covered with bedding material for insulation.
Top covered with boards, roofing felt. Insert pipes for ventilation. They are covered with earth with a layer of 60-80 cm.
It is used for storing vegetables in areas with a low groundwater table (more than 2 m). A shallow groove is dug around it to drain the melt water.
Underground
A deepening is made under the whole house. The distance to the floor is 2-2.5 m. It is equipped with racks and compartments for storing crops. A ventilation opening is brought out to cool the room, the flow of fresh air. The entrance is made in the form of a hatch in the floor and a ladder for descent.
Disadvantage: low humidity, temperature within 8-10 degrees. Short shelf life with minimal loss within 1-2 months.
Basement
Located next to the house. Unlike the previous building, it has a separate entrance. It provides good insulation from the main room. The temperature is lower than underground. Inside, they put together boxes for vegetables, shelves for other products.
Disadvantage: low humidity, temperature 3-6 degrees.
Cellar
A dug-out storage facility under the garage or on the street is a separately built special brick structure. The depth of occurrence is from 2, 5 to 4 meters, depending on the terrain conditions. Equipped with a ventilation system. It is possible to adjust the main indicators.
Advantages: lower temperature, higher humidity. An excellent place for storing vegetables and fruits that meets all the requirements.
Ventilation system
For the successful preservation of the grown crop, it is necessary to equip the room with ventilation.
She is capable of:
• ensure good air exchange;
• remove waste products from fruits, vegetables (carbon dioxide, ethylene), which cause browning of soft tissues, skin;
• exclude freezing, crop germination;
• promptly change the temperature, humidity in the room.
These factors significantly increase the shelf life, the product quality remains at a high level.
Ventilation types
There are several types of ventilation:
1. Supply and exhaust. Less perfect, but simple in execution, does not require additional costs for electricity, installation of complex equipment. Most common in private households. It is based on 2 pipes of different heights. One - the long one is displayed on the roof, the other - the short one down under the bins. Due to the difference in height, air is circulated inside the room.
2. Forced. The simple design requires a minimum number of mechanisms to operate. Air enters the room with the help of a fan, and spontaneously exits under the influence of pressure from the inside.
3. Active. The best and most complex system that includes several devices. It increases the shelf life, creates the same conditions throughout the volume of the room. In this case, the filling height with products can be increased. Equipped with an automated climate control system (ambient humidity, temperature). In winter, the air is heated by an air heater, if necessary, before being supplied to the room.
Which room to choose for storing crops, what to equip, everyone decides individually. Without proper storage, product losses will be great. It is better to build once a good storage that meets all the requirements than to calculate the forced losses every year.
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