2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Powdery mildew attacks almost all pumpkin crops, and cucumbers with melons in particular. She also does not bypass pumpkin, watermelons and squash with zucchini. And it does not matter at all in what kind of soil these crops are grown - in the open or in the protected. In a warm and dry climate, powdery mildew is incredibly harmful. To a large extent, excessive fluctuations in humidity and temperature also contribute to its spread
A few words about the disease
On the stalks and leaves affected by powdery mildew, a white or grayish bloom appears, containing harmful fungal spores. Initially, it manifests itself in the form of isolated spots, and after a while the plaque covers the entire affected surface. The leaves and stems look like they have been sprinkled with flour. Stormy leaves dry up, and with especially powerful lesions, whole lashes can dry up. And the fruiting of crops stops prematurely.
The fruits of infected crops are often deformed, vulnerable to sunlight and high in sugars.
Powdery mildew is caused by pathogenic powdery mildew fungi, the development of which is observed in the marsupial and conidial stages. All plaque formed on the stems and on the leaves consists of conidial sporulation and pathogenic mycelium. During the growing season, the disease is characterized by a truly lightning-fast spread - vegetation is infected with the help of conidia.
Sharp changes in night and day temperatures are also very unfavorable for growing crops - the result of such changes often becomes infection of plants growing in open ground, especially at the end of summer or at the very beginning of autumn. The harmful powdery mildew spreads quite quickly even with a lack of moisture.
The main sources of infection are the remains of infected crops, along with herbaceous perennials susceptible to powdery mildew (plantain, sow thistle and others).
How to fight
All plant residues should be promptly removed from the beds. In the fall, it is necessary to thoroughly disinfect greenhouses with greenhouses by treating their internal surfaces with formalin. Deep digging of the soil in autumn is also a pretty good preventive measure. Observance of crop rotation will also be useful.
When growing pumpkin crops in greenhouses, it is extremely important to constantly maintain an optimal hydrothermal regime.
Another good preventive measure can be considered the cultivation of varieties resistant to the ill-fated powdery mildew. Among the cucumber varieties, the most persistent are Verasen, Deccan, Aquarius, Competitor, Helios and the Adonis hybrid. It is also important to know that resistant varieties are not recommended to be planted near unstable varieties.
In order to prevent the formation of powdery mildew on cultivated crops, the vegetation should be systematically sprayed with potassium permanganate (for ten liters of water - 3 g), a solution of soda ash (for ten liters of water - 20 g) or copper sulfate (for ten liters of water - a teaspoon of the product) … Top dressing with potash fertilizers in high doses will also be useful.
As soon as the first signs of a malicious misfortune are found, the Bayleton or Topsin fungicides can be used. The well-proven Topaz will also do. If the symptoms of the ailment reappear, the treatment may be repeated. You can also carry out the treatment with sodium phosphate (for ten liters of water, it needs about 50 g) and colloidal sulfur (for open ground, it takes 20 g for ten liters of water, and for protected - 40 g). If the disease is focal in nature, then the leaves are either powdered with ground sulfur, or they are cut off and destroyed.
Treatment of vegetation with mullein infusion also helps to achieve good results - one kilogram of the starting material should be poured with water in the amount of three liters and this composition should be insisted for three days. And then each liter of strained infusion is diluted with three more liters of water. By the way, it is allowed to replace the mullein with rotted hay or wood leaves in the same amount. And between treatments, an interval of 7 - 9 days should be observed.
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