2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
American powdery mildew, also called spheroteka, is one of the most dangerous and unpleasant fungal diseases of the gooseberry. In addition to gooseberries, this ailment can also overwhelm currants from time to time: black - to a greater extent, and white and red - to a lesser extent. Mainly fruits suffer from this scourge, as well as vulnerable shoots and leaves. In gooseberries, berries are predominantly affected, and in currants, stalks with fruit twigs, and only sometimes berries
A few words about the disease
The infected parts of the vegetation quickly become covered with a powdery thick coating, which, gradually thickening, after some time turns from white to brown and becomes like felt. A plaque appears on both sides of the leaves, but there is still more of it on the upper ones. Sick berries are characterized by a very weak development, most of them fall off, strongly crack or dry out altogether. Under the influence of the disease, the tops of the shoots that he slain begin to darken, bend and eventually die.
The good development of such a misfortune is largely facilitated by a rather high air temperature (from 17 to 28 degrees) in conjunction with high humidity. But the heat is pretty good at restraining the spread of this type of powdery mildew.
Tall vegetation is considered the most susceptible to this ailment, respectively, intensive pruning, as well as an excess of nitrogen-containing fertilizers, will help to some extent reduce the susceptibility to it. Powdery mildew can also appear on weakened vegetation as a result of insufficient maintenance. It is possible to strengthen its resistance to such a disease with the help of periodic loosening of the soil, as well as the use of potassium and phosphorus fertilizers in solid doses.
How to fight
It is possible to almost completely eliminate the need to combat such a scourge by growing resistant varieties. For planting, of course, it is recommended to select seedlings that are intact in appearance and healthy in appearance.
A good preventive measure that helps to contain such an unpleasant disease will be the timely destruction of an infection wintering in the form of spores, periodic pruning of the tops of infected shoots with their subsequent burning, regular collection of diseased berries with their further destruction, as well as digging up the earth around the bushes.
To eliminate the infection wintering in the form of spores, in the fall or before the buds bloom in early spring, it is recommended to treat the bushes with a solution of copper sulfate - for ten liters of hot water it is enough to take it in an amount of 50-100 g. Copper sulfate should be dissolved in water and immediately start processing - it should be carried out from the moment the powder dissolves within two hours. And during the flowering period before and immediately after, with an interval of 10 - 14 days, topaz is treated, which is taken for ten liters of water only 2 grams. It is allowed to process vegetation with topaz no more than four times per season, and the last processing is carried out a maximum of twenty days before picking berries.
A good effect is also given by the combination of soap with soda ash: 50 g of soap and soda are taken for ten liters of water. A copper-soap solution has also proven itself quite well. For its preparation, 10 g of copper sulfate is dissolved in half a liter of hot water. In another container, filling it with ten liters of water, dissolve soap in the amount of 100 g. Then, stirring constantly, a solution of copper sulfate prepared separately is poured into the soap composition in a thin stream. The resulting emulsion should not contain bleach and should have a greenish tint. And you can also prepare a kind of composition from ash: for this, first half a bucket of wood ash is boiled in two buckets of water for an hour, and then soap is added to the cooled and well-filtered composition (it will take 30-40 g).
Certain results can be achieved by carrying out the treatment with manure infusion (well rotted, and best of all, cow manure). Such a mixture is insisted throughout the day, and for its preparation, three parts of water and one part of manure will be required (then the resulting infusion is diluted three times again). The bacteria in the manure do a pretty good job of dealing with powdery mildew.
It is ideal to spray in the evenings or on cloudy days. It is important to try to ensure that the solution falls on the leaves on both sides during their implementation. And twenty days before the start of picking berries, all treatments are stopped.
As for special preparations, "Fitosporin" helps well against annoying American powdery mildew.
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