2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Sand pine (lat. Pinus clausa) - an endemic species of the Pine genus (Latin Pinus) from the Pine family (Latin Pinaceae), who chose the southeastern lands of the United States of America for their residence. A small, often shrubby tree, Sand Pine grows on barren, sandy, well-drained soils, where it has no major competitors because of its very harsh living conditions. The wood of the tree is used as fuel. Some Pines, which have dark green needles on short, highly flaky branches, are grown for Christmas trees.
What's in your name
The generic Latin name "Pine", that is, "Pinus", was obtained by the plant from botanists either because of the resinous component of the tree, or because of the predilection of pine trees to settle on steep rocky slopes. You can read more about this in the description of the "Pine" genus.
The specific epithet "clausa" or "sandy" Pine has earned its unpretentiousness to living conditions, choosing for its habitat poor sandy soils, hot sun rays over the crown and often severe seasonal periods of drought. Perhaps this is the only tree in this ecosystem, at least slightly shading the surface of the earth from the heat of the sun.
Description
Sand pine, living in extreme climatic conditions, more often looks like a shrub tree, growing from 5 to 10 meters in height. Sometimes you can find trees that have managed to grow up to 21 meters in height with a trunk diameter of up to half a meter. The national champion in height among Pines of the described species is a tree growing in the wilderness of one reserve and having a height of 27 meters. But this rarely happens, because this tree is considered a champion. The trunk of the Sandy Pine is covered with coarse scaly bark. Pine branches are smooth and relatively short. The crown of trees is irregular or rounded.
The branches are covered with needle-like leaves 5 to 10 centimeters long, which grow in pairs. Young trees are very fluffy and green.
Sand pine is a monoecious plant, that is, female and male cones grow on the same tree. Sand pine cones are relatively small, from 4 to 8 centimeters long, grow in friendly families and often hold tightly to the branches, remaining closed for many years.
According to their morphological properties and in relation to fire, cones of the Sand Pine can be conditionally divided into two types. The first type of cones differs in that they are covered with wax, and therefore only natural fire is able to open such cones so that the seeds spill into the soil and give new shoots, filling the scorched earth. The second type of cones is devoid of a wax coating, and therefore, without waiting for a natural disaster, it fully opens its protective scales, freeing seeds for procreation after the seed ripening period established by nature or by the Almighty.
Surprisingly, the wildfires that are destroying forest plantations at the same time provide a chance for new plants to grow, which would not be able to grow in the shadow of their more mature relatives. On the other hand, over the past 500 years, man has changed the natural landscape so much that there is enough room for seeds that do not wait for a fire to land and germinate a new Pine Sandy.
Usage
Sand pine for several reasons (bushiness of the bush, curvature of the trunks in the direction of the prevailing winds) is not suitable as a timber, but for the pulp industry it is actively used by enterprising people. In addition, wood is used as fuel for heating living quarters.
To create more favorable living conditions for the tree, Sand Pine is grown to be used as Christmas trees. Accustomed to enduring dry periods in natural conditions, the Sand Pine responds gratefully to watering in the first year of life and then grows faster, more luxuriant and more elegant, even if it has to grow in the open sun.
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