2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-07 15:51
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Latin name: Cerasus Family: Rosaceae Headings: Fruit and berry crops |
Cherry (lat. Cerasus) - popular berry culture; shrub or tree belonging to the Rosaceae family. The Transcaucasia and some Asian countries are considered to be the birthplace of cherry.
Characteristics of culture
Cherry is represented by shrubs or trees, reaching a height of 6 m. It possesses a possible root system containing both skeletal and fibrous roots, extending down to 200 cm. The trunk of the plant is straight, covered with gray or grayish-brown bark. Cherry shoots of 3 types.
Leaves are oblong, serrate along the edge, pointed at the tips, elliptical, green, located on petioles. The flowers are small, snow-white or pinkish, collected in umbellate inflorescences. The fruits are rounded drupes. They can have a wide variety of colors.
Growing features
Cherry belongs to sun-loving plants, positively relates to fertile, light, loose and alkaline soils. Does not accept sandy, saline and stony soils, as well as areas with a close occurrence of groundwater and lowlands with stagnant cold air.
Many varieties of cherries are winter-hardy, they can easily tolerate temperatures as low as -30C. Dangerous for cherries is the alternation of frost with thaws. The flowers of the culture die at a temperature of -2C, and the ovaries at -1C. Flowering continues for 7-10 days.
Reproduction and planting
Cherries are propagated by cuttings, grafts, root shoots and seeds. The seeds are sown in early September, and the seedlings formed from them are transplanted into the ground in a year. Planting of root shoots and cuttings, as well as grafting, is carried out in early spring before sap flow.
Among amateur gardeners, the method of planting with annual seedlings with side branches is widespread. Planting pits for cherries are prepared in advance, they should be at least 40-45 cm in diameter, and 50 cm deep. The soil removed from the pit is mixed with humus, phosphorus and potash fertilizers. Part of the resulting substrate is poured into the pit, forming a cone-shaped mound.
The seedlings are lowered into the planting hole, the roots are carefully straightened, then the voids are filled with the remaining soil substrate, tamped, watered and mulched. Important: the root collar should be located 3-4 cm above the soil surface..
Care
Cherry care consists of several mandatory procedures. It is necessary to regularly weed the soil in the near-trunk zone, since the culture does not tolerate competitors in the struggle for water. Loosening is carried out monthly, but not deeper than 5 cm at the trunk itself, and 15 cm in the periphery of the crown. Cherries also need regular watering, waterlogging is undesirable, especially watering is required at the time of berry formation and after harvesting.
The culture also requires timely feeding: the first is carried out with complex mineral fertilizers (carried out immediately after flowering), the second - in the fall with rotted manure or compost. Pruning is one of the most important procedures. Formative and thinning pruning is done in early spring.
Pest and disease control
Cherries are often affected by various diseases and illnesses. The most common crop diseases are white rust, klyasteproiosis and fruit rot. For prevention, it is recommended to carry out regular spraying with Bordeaux liquid, while removing the affected branches, raking and burning fallen leaves.
The following pests are uninvited guests that damage cherry bushes: cherry sawfly, cherry fly, scale insects, weevils, etc. When pests are found, the bushes are treated with approved chemicals.
Recommended:
Bird Cherry
Bird cherry (Latin Prunus) - berry culture; low trees, less often shrubs of the genus Plum of the Pink family. In nature, bird cherry grows in shrubs, forests, along the banks of rivers and forest clearings in Europe, Asia, North Africa and the Caucasus.
Felt Cherry: Cultivation Features
Felt cherry belongs to the huge family of wild cherry varieties. Nevertheless, it has long since migrated from the wild to our gardens. Gardeners appreciated it for its high frost resistance, which is much higher than that of the usual cherry, as well as excellent yield and taste of the fruit
Bird Cherry, Cherry Or Cerapadus?
From April to May, and in some regions also in June, home gardens and forest edges are decorated with flowering shrubs and bird cherry trees. It is a longtime companion of man and for this long time the bird cherry has earned love and respect thanks to its many and many useful qualities
Ah, Cherry, Cherry, Summer Cherry
Still, summer cherries are much healthier for human health, so let's talk about them, leaving winter cherries to poets and singers. Temptingly shake their dark barrels with delicious cherries on long stalks, as if teasing: "Come on, reach us!"
Cherry And Sweet Cherry Scab
Cherry and sweet cherry scab spreads mainly during the flowering period - especially often mushroom spores are thrown out after heavy rainfall. It develops most often on fruits and on the undersides of cherry and cherry leaves, and the first symptoms of a harmful misfortune can be detected as early as May. In damp years, the area affected by this disgusting disease is especially large. To reduce the scab attack on fruit trees, they need to be provided with proper care - healthy and strong trees in
