2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Among gardeners, propagation by cuttings with stem parts of a plant is most common. For this purpose, green branches of the current growth or lignified branches of the last year are suitable
Advantages
Cutting tree peonies has a number of advantages over other methods:
• young plants receive a rejuvenated underground part;
• no need to dig out bushes completely, do hard physical work;
• mother plants are used annually, cut no more than 3-5 branches on 5-10 year old bushes;
• the amount of planting material from one plant increases several times;
• revitalized seedlings are obtained.
Stem and root cuttings are used. The technique has proven itself well on personal backyard plots.
Training
Last year's (winter) shoots begin to propagate by cuttings after the leaves bloom. Green (summer) ones are cut during the period of bud formation. At this time, the growth of shoots ends, partial lignification of the young growth begins, the stems have an elastic structure, well-developed buds in the leaf axils.
The most powerful branches are chosen, cuttings are cut early in the morning, placed in a ready-made container with water with two buds. Use a sharp knife or pruner to avoid jamming the shoot tissue. The lower leaf is removed, leaving the stalk of 2-3 cm intact, the upper one is reduced by half to reduce the loss of water by the plant from evaporation.
The lower part is treated with root powder. You can use heteroauxin by dissolving 0.5 tablets per 5 liters of liquid. If necessary, the amount is reduced in accordance with a predetermined proportion. In the second case, the cuttings are kept in a stimulator for a day.
Prepare cuttings in advance. Rotted manure, compost, sand are scattered over the bed in a ratio of 2: 2: 1. Dig a shovel onto the bayonet. Pour clean river sand on top with a layer of 6 cm.
Landing
Cuttings are planted at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the ground to a depth of 4 cm. The petiole of the lower leaf is covered with soil, the upper bud remains above the ground. Maintain the distance between the branches. The leaves do not touch each other. 8-10 cm are left in a row, the row spacing is 2 times larger. Before planting, the grooves are spilled with a solution of potassium permanganate.
Install a room humidifier or open containers of water. The film is stretched over the arcs, shaded from above with a non-woven material. Instead of polyethylene, you can use glass frames covered with a thin layer of lime on the outside.
Best conditions, care
The best conditions for root formation are temperature 20-26 degrees, high air humidity. When using fogging installations, the percentage of rooted specimens increases significantly.
They don't open the greenhouse for two weeks. Then they begin to apply ventilation modes, starting from 20 minutes, ending with several hours a day for 1, 5 months. Watering with potassium permanganate solution is the prevention of fungal diseases. At the first sign, it is treated with copper chloride, dissolving 50 g in a bucket of water.
For the winter, the "young" are transplanted into boxes with loose soil, taken for storage in a cool, unheated room, covered with a warm blanket, or lowered into the cellar.
Non-standard cuttings
In some cases, shortened cuttings consisting of one bud are used. A small piece is taken near the kidney space, buried in a bed with a loose substrate. It is processed with root root. The petiole with two shortened plates remains on the surface. The rest of the care is the same as in the first option.
They are covered with insulating material for the winter: leaf litter, peat, spunbond through boxes.
The yield of full-fledged plants is two-thirds of the original amount. By the fall, 1-2 shoots are obtained. Bushes bloom for 4-5 years.
Flaws
The disadvantages of the method include:
• high labor intensity of the process;
• low percentage of rooting 65-75% with proper agricultural technology;
• full flowering occurs in 4 years.
Root cuttings give the best rooting results.
We will consider reproduction by grafting in the next article.
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