2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Many people love grapes, which is why it can often be seen in numerous summer cottages. However, in order for the grape harvest to be invariably pleasing, it doesn’t hurt to know the basic rules and secrets of its cultivation, and all garden and vegetable crops have them, without exception! So, what needs to be done in order for the grapes to fully grow and develop?
Where to plant?
A well-chosen landing site is critical to success. Ideally, grapes should be planted in sunny, wind-sheltered areas that boast well-drained soils. Especially well suited for these purposes are places near the southern walls of houses or sheds, as well as near fences facing south.
No spontaneous landings
In no case should you plant vines spontaneously - grape plots should always be carefully planned! In addition, in this case, it is very important to properly group all varieties according to their purpose - a competent grouping of varieties according to frost resistance and ripening time will greatly facilitate the subsequent care of grape bushes. In this case, the distance between the bushes of table varieties should be about one and a half meters, varieties of juice and wine purposes - about 0.8 meters, and between rows - from two to two and a half meters.
Watering limitation
Only young vines should be watered regularly during the first two years of their life. And, of course, do not forget about the water-charging autumn watering, which will benefit all varieties without exception. In general, all watering stops about a week and a half before the start of flowering, since excess moisture can lead not only to shedding of flowers, but also to a delay in the ripening of the entire crop.
But it is better to refuse sprinkling altogether - it can provoke all kinds of diseases. Since the grapes really do not like a too wet soil surface and wet leaves, it makes sense to equip small drainage channels in advance, in addition, if possible, it would be very nice to equip strong canopies over the growing bushes.
Trimming
So that the grape berries do not begin to shrink, and the bushes do not grow too much, it is necessary to carry out systematic pruning. The only exception is the year of planting: this year, pruning is not carried out, limiting itself only to removing the green parts of the shoots that have not matured - they are removed in the fall. And from the third year of life, pruning should already be in the system. At the same time, you should not rush to carry out autumn pruning before leaf fall begins, as well as before the establishment of negative night temperatures. In the spring, pruning should not be carried out at all - the "crying" of the vine will greatly weaken the plants.
Shelter for the winter
During the first two to three years of life, all grape seedlings, without exception, need a good winter shelter. In the first year of their life, with the onset of autumn, all shoots tied to temporary trellises are removed from these same trellises and covered with two or three layers of durable air-dry shelter. As a bedding, boards or spruce branches are most often used, and on top of the seedlings it makes sense to lay a layer of corrugated cardboard or spunbond, which is additionally covered with a layer of film on top. At the same time, it is very important not to forget to leave small cracks for ventilation at the ends of the constructed shelters. Snow will do the rest! And do not rush to remove the entire shelter at once with the onset of spring - no one canceled return frosts!
The best varieties for beginners
It is better for beginners to start with planting unpretentious, but at the same time very "tasty" varieties - such as Aleshenkin, Krasa Severa, Early Tsiravsky, Liepaja Yantar, Krasa Nikopol, Agat Donskoy, Kristall or Platovsky. It is easy to care for them, and the berries grow incredibly tasty!
Do you have grapes growing on your plot?
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