2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Eggplant is one of the most heat-loving vegetables in our gardens. He came to our region from hot India, and he feels comfortable in hotbeds and greenhouses. The seedlings are moved to the beds in the open field when stable warm days come. However, in the fall, when the night temperature drops significantly, the eggplant can continue to bear fruit abundantly. What other surprises can this vegetable present?
Longevity vegetable
We used to call eggplant a vegetable, but in a botanical sense, it is a berry. The fruits cannot boast of great nutritional value, but they have high taste. In addition, it is difficult to find an equal for them regarding the benefits that they bring to the health of the human body.
In the east, where this plant comes from, it is called the longevity vegetable. Its fruits are rich in potassium salts, which are essential for the smooth functioning of the cardiovascular system. Regular consumption of eggplant dishes lowers blood cholesterol levels, regulates acid-base balance. Vegetables are recommended for those who suffer from atherosclerosis and gout.
To maximize the benefits of eating eggplants, the fruits are removed from the bush unripe, 4-5 days after they darken. Overripe fruits are no longer so useful, moreover, they can be harmful, since they contain a lot of solanine.
Growing conditions
Eggplant belongs to the nightshade family, but unlike peppers and tomatoes, it is more demanding on moisture. Lack of watering, dry soil inhibit the growth of seedlings, causing flowers and ovaries to fall off. But compared to pepper, eggplant tolerates high soil acidity more easily. The rest of the cultivation is not particularly difficult.
Sowing seedlings
Sowing dates are calculated so that at the time of disembarkation, the seedlings are 60-65 days. By this time, there should be no threat of frost, and the soil is well warmed up.
Seedlings can be grown in greenhouses. For those who are not going to make a dive, about 12-14 g of seeds are taken on a standard greenhouse frame. Cultivation with a pick allows sowing up to 30 g. The predecessors can be cabbage, tomatoes, cucumbers. The temperature when growing seedlings is maintained at + 20 … + 22 ° С. If the thermometer drops to + 15 ° C and below, the growth and development of plants slows down significantly. In addition, it is important to ensure that the soil does not dry out.
Transplant to open ground
When the time comes to transplant seedlings to a permanent place, a special talker is prepared from earth, clay and mullein in proportions of 1: 1: 1. The roots of the seedlings are pruned with a secateurs, dipped in the prepared mixture, and then placed in the holes. It is very important during this period to protect the plants from unexpected frosts. Film or agrofibre on the frame will cope with this task.
Watering and feeding plants
The row spacing is left 65-70 cm, in the row between the plants they maintain a gap of about 30 cm. Furrows are watered abundantly before planting. After 2-3 days after planting the seedlings, watering is repeated. After another week and a half, another watering is carried out with deep loosening of the soil. The soil should be sufficiently moistened, since it is during this period that the root system is formed and the green mass grows. In the future, the plants are watered once a week. In order to prevent rapid evaporation of moisture, you need to mulch the beds with rotted manure, peat.
In the summer months, it is useful to apply fertilizer 2-3 times under the eggplant. To do this, take 20-30 g of ammonium sulfate or 15-20 g of ammonium nitrate and 50-60 g of superphosphate per feed area of 1 square meter. For greater efficiency, after fertilization, watering and loosening of the soil is carried out, as well as hilling of plants.
Bush formation
In order for the fruits to be large, when the bush branches, 3-4 strong shoots with fruits are left. The rest of the stepchildren break out so that the plant does not waste nutrient resources. The seeds are left to ripen from high-yielding bushes. They are cut after softening. The seeds are scraped out and dried in the sun.
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