2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Maak's euonymus (lat. Euonymus maackii) - ornamental shrub or tree; a representative of the genus Euonymus of the family Euonymus. Under natural conditions, it occurs in river valleys, deciduous forests, floodplain meadows, as well as in areas with sandy or sandy loam soils in the northeastern regions of China, Eastern Siberia and the Far East.
Characteristics of culture
Maak's euonymus is a shrub or tree up to 10 m high with flat reddish-brown or green shoots with a bluish bloom and a spreading openwork crown that looks like an umbrella. The bark of old branches is wrinkled, dark, young ones are dark gray with cork ridges, which disappear as they mature. The leaves are first light green, then dark green, with shine, leathery, large, dense, oblong-ovate or lanceolate, finely serrated along the edge, up to 8-9 cm long, sitting on short petioles. In autumn, the foliage changes color to pink and purple hues.
The flowers are greenish-white with purple stamens and oblong-ovate, petals, collected in semi-umbellate inflorescences. Fruits are orange-red or pink-violet capsules of spherical or round-pear-shaped shape, equipped with a dusky membrane. The seeds have orange-red or bright red seedlings; when ripe, they hang from the fruit on thin seed-pods, only representatives of the genus Beresklet can boast of such a feature.
The first three years of Maak's euonymus grows slowly, later the growth accelerates. Flowering occurs 4 years after planting, fruiting - 6-7 years. The species is winter-hardy, resistant to pests and diseases, drought-resistant, photophilous, picky about soil fertility. In the form of a shrub, it grows in semi-shaded areas and areas with diffused light, in sunny places it takes the form of a tree.
Features of reproduction and cultivation in the garden
Maak's euonymus reproduces both by seed and vegetative methods (cuttings, root suckers and layering). The vegetative method gives the best results, because plants bloom 2 years earlier than with seed. It is preferable to sow seeds immediately after collection, immediately into the ground under a shelter for the winter. Spring planting is also possible, but with the condition of preliminary two-stage stratification. To do this, the seeds are mixed with wet sand and stored in a room with an air temperature of 20C (for 2-3 months), monitoring the degree of moisture.
Then the seeds, together with the sand, are placed in a refrigerator or cellar with a temperature of 3-5C (until spring). The seeding depth of Maak euonymus is 2-3 cm. Seedlings during spring sowing appear on the 18-20th day. It is important to regularly water the crops, and with the emergence of seedlings, carry out systematic weeding, because weeds can ruin seedlings, taking away the necessary moisture and nutrients from them. The grown seedlings are planted in a permanent place no earlier than 2 years later. Weak seedlings are left to grow.
Cuttings are also popular with gardeners. When treated with growth stimulants, up to 80-85% of cuttings are rooted. With proper care, the cuttings take root in 30-40 days, they are planted in a permanent place next spring. Strong shoots are chosen for cutting cuttings. The optimal length of the cutting is 5-6 cm. Each should have one internode. It is advisable to plant cuttings in pre-prepared greenhouses with a nutritious and well-moistened substrate.
Care
Caring for Maak's euonymus consists of standard procedures: watering, dressing, timely pruning and treatments from pests and diseases. During the season, 3-4 waterings are enough, in drought - up to 6-7. Loosening of the soil at the foot is encouraged; the procedure is carried out as the topsoil is compacted. Pruning is required to provide the plant with a beautiful umbrella-shaped crown. Pinching is also not forbidden, it is necessary to ensure intensive branching. Thinning pruning is performed as needed.
Sanitary pruning is required, it consists in removing damaged and frostbitten shoots. Despite the fact that Maak's euonymus is resistant to pests and diseases, under unfavorable conditions and improper care, shrubs are attacked by aphids and apple moths. It is quite simple to deal with them, it is enough to treat the plants with any insecticides. Since euonymus are adherents of fertile soil, annual feeding is necessary (twice a season). In the spring - with organic fertilizers (compost, humus), in the middle of summer - with complex mineral fertilizers.
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Coopmann's Euonymus
Euonymus koopmanni (lat.Euonymus koopmanni) - ornamental shrub; a representative of the genus Euonymus of the family Euonymus. In nature, it is found in shrubs and interweaving of trees (more precisely, walnuts), deep mountain gorges, river valleys, near waterfalls and under the canopy of forests in Central Asia and China.
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