2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Winged euonymus (lat. Euonymus alatus) - a representative of the genus euonymus of the euonymus family. Natural area - Japan, China and the Russian Far East. Typical habitats are mixed forests, bushes, cliffs, onion slopes, open areas, stream and river valleys and seashores.
Characteristics of culture
Winged euonymus is a densely branched deciduous shrub up to 4-5 m high with a wide crown. Slow growing culture, annual growth of about 13-15 cm. The root system is superficial. The bark is greenish-brown, tetrahedral, equipped with cork wings. The leaves are green, elliptical or obovate, dense, leathery, pointed, oppositely arranged, the length varies from 3 to 5 cm. In autumn, the leaves acquire a lilac-red or carmine-red color, so the plants fit perfectly into gardens of autumn flowers, or autonomy.
Inflorescences are solitary, simple, with broadly ovate petals. The fruit is a bright red four-celled capsule. The fruits are original and attractive, but inedible as they contain poisonous alkaloids. Eating fruits, even in scanty amounts, leads to vomiting and other unpleasant consequences. Winged euonymus blooms in May-June, fruits ripen in September. The culture enters fruiting in the fourth year after planting. Plants are gas and smoke resistant, they are often used for landscaping city parks and roadsides.
The subtleties of cultivation and reproduction
Winged euonymus, like other representatives of the genus under consideration, prefers shaded areas. The effect of direct sunlight has a detrimental effect on the general development of plants. Well-drained, evenly moist, fertile, neutral, slightly alkaline or slightly acidic soils are encouraged. Compacted, heavy clayey and waterlogged soils are not suitable for European spindle tree. Cultivation in heavy soils is possible only with the creation of high-quality drainage. Coarse sand, broken brick, pebbles, etc. can act as a drainage material.
Propagated by winged euonymus seeds and green cuttings. The optimal planting dates are spring or early autumn. The seed method is practically not used, since this type of reproduction is laborious and takes quite a long time. Reproduction by green cuttings is more effective. Cuttings are cut in the middle of summer. For rooting, the material is planted in a greenhouse or in an open area under a film.
It is advisable to plant seedlings of the culture in the spring, young plants, before the onset of stable cold weather, have time to take root well and prepare for frosts. Autumn planting is not prohibited. The planting hole is prepared in advance, its dimensions should be twice as large as the earthen lump along with the roots. At the bottom of the pit, I form a roller from a mixture consisting of top soil, well-washed sand and peat in a ratio of 1: 1: 2. After planting, the soil in the near-trunk zone is watered abundantly, and after its shrinkage, fresh soil is added and, if possible, mulched.
Care is unremarkable: regular watering, top dressing three times per season, light loosening of the soil in the near-trunk zone, weed removal, sanitary pruning and preventive treatments against pests and diseases. Plants are treated with herbal infusions, soapy water and, in severe cases, insecticides and other chemicals. Formative pruning is also not prohibited, it is carried out in order to obtain a spherical crown. The winged euonymus treats any scraps calmly.
Usage
Winged euonymus is used in ornamental gardening. Plants are great for creating hedges. They can act as ordinaries in rocky plantings, ridges and various shrub compositions. Winged euonymus is in perfect harmony with coniferous shrubs, for example, with juniper and pine. Combines with flower crops and various herbs.
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