Ussuri Vineyard

2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38

Ussuri vineyard (lat. Ampelopsis brevipedunculata) - woody liana; species of the genus Vineyard of the family Grape. Another name is Vineyard short-stemmed. Distributed in the Primorsky Territory of Russia, in Korea and in the northeastern regions of China. In nature, it grows in forests and river valleys.

Characteristics of culture

The Ussuri vineyard, or short-flowered, is a woody deciduous liana, reaching a length of 7-8 m, equipped with antennae, due to which the plant climbs along the support. Stems are light gray or brownish gray. Young shoots pubescent with hard hairs, yellowish-red in color. The leaves are dark green, large, leathery, rather dense, whole or 3-5-tylopaste, up to 13 cm long.

Flowers are small, inconspicuous, dioecious, collected in corymbose paniculate inflorescences. Fruits are spherical, bright blue when ripe, up to 1 cm in diameter. Flowering occurs in June - July and lasts about 60 days. The Ussuri vineyard is winter-hardy, highly decorative and photophilous, does not tolerate prolonged heat. Ideal for growing in containers, grows well at home. Not able to completely cover the support, but it looks very impressive. The seeds keep well, usually up to 4 years. Germination rate is high - up to 90% (with cold stratification).

The Ussuri vineyard, or short-stemmed, has several varieties, one of the most common is considered to be Elegans. The variety is represented by slow-growing vines, reaching a length of 2.5-3 m. Its distinctive feature is the extraordinary color of the leaves, white and pink spots flaunt on their surface. In autumn, the foliage turns golden, so the species can be used in autumn gardens called autonals.

Growing in the garden

The Ussuri vineyard grows smaller in culture than in natural conditions. In addition, cultivated species are more likely to be damaged by frost. In regions with cold winters, plants need shelter. With careful care and adherence to the growing conditions, the Ussuri vineyard will easily endure the short-term heat, and will also resist the defeat of diseases and pests. Many gardeners advise growing crops in containers, which are brought into the basement or cellar for the winter. This is not required in the southern regions.

As you know, the Ussuri vineyard does not tolerate direct sunlight, it should be placed in semi-shaded areas. Places open to the sun should be excluded, otherwise the plants will lose their decorative effect: the foliage will acquire a withered appearance without the declared variegation, and its edges will become yellow and dry. Also on shady areas, vines form larger leaves with a pronounced pattern, flowering is more active, so you can expect a large number of beautiful clusters with bright blue fruits.

The Ussuri vineyard is propagated by seeds and cuttings. The second method is considered the most common, moreover, such specimens bloom faster and bear fruit. With the seed method of reproduction, plants bloom only for 9-10 years. Cuttings are cut at the moment when the buds of the vines start to grow. Cuttings should contain one internode. Cuttings root quickly and easily, the percentage of rooting is high - up to 80-85%.

Diseases and the fight against them

One of the most dangerous diseases for representatives of the genus Vineyard and Grape is downy mildew, which is more often called mildew. Fungi attack green shoots and leaves. They endure even severe frosts and hibernate in spores in fallen leaves. It is difficult to imagine, but during the season up to 15-20 generations of the fungus are formed. The disease manifests itself in the form of numerous yellow spots on the leaves, subsequently the inner side becomes moldy. On the shoots, the disease has a slightly different character - oblong yellow spots are formed on them, which turn brown over time. Fungi often affect inflorescences and clusters that have set. As a prophylaxis of the disease, spraying with Bordeaux liquid is recommended, in case of damage - treatment of lianas with Strobi and Delan preparations.

Powdery mildew or powdery mildew is an equally dangerous fungal disease that can destroy a plant. Fungi infect aerial parts of plants, overwinter in cracks in the bark. It manifests itself in the form of spots and moldy plaque. Most often, it begins to act at a time of high humidity and high air temperature. As a rule, plaque covers the foliage on both sides, later it becomes dense and becomes brighter in color. By autumn, the bloom looks like felt, leaves and other parts of plants turn yellow and deform, flowers and berries dry out. In the fight against powdery mildew, drugs Topaz, Bayleton, Tiovit-Jet, as well as colloidal sulfur and ground sulfur are effective.