Japanese Vineyard

2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38

Japanese vineyard (Latin Ampelopsis japonica) - tree liana; species of the genus Vineyard of the family Grape. It is found naturally in Japan, China, Korea and in the southern part of the Primorsky Territory of Russia.

Characteristics of culture

The Japanese vineyard is a woody climbing or recumbent vine with rather thin and flexible shoots that cling to the support with the help of a few twisting antennae. It differs from other species in its beautiful foliage. Leaves leathery, long, shiny, palm-like, consisting of three or five leaflets. The median leaflets are palmate-dissected or pinnately dissected, the outer ones are wedge-shaped-incised or trilobate. On the inside, the leaves are bluish in color.

In autumn, the foliage becomes especially attractive, it becomes rich red. The flowers are small, green, up to 6 mm in diameter, collected in multi-flowered inflorescences. Fruits are globular, bluish-purple, pale, usually with black dots. Japanese grape bloom begins in June and lasts about 40 days. The species under consideration is frost-resistant, in cold winters it is affected by frosts. It is widely used in landscaping, mainly in the southern regions and the Far East of Russia.

Application in medicine

The roots, stems and leaves of the Japanese vine are used in Chinese medicine. As you know, roots and leaves contain alkaloids and flavonoids, as well as polysaccharides, amino acids, glycosides and other substances. Decoctions of roots are used as a diuretic, antiemetic, astringent and antihypertensive agent. They are effective for diarrhea and chronic rheumatism. Various compresses are often prepared from the leaves, which smooth out pain and heal burns, injuries, purulent inflammations, ulcers, abscesses and other ailments.

Growing

Japanese vineyard does not put forward special requirements for growing conditions. It is advisable to plant the crop in light areas protected from cold winds. Recommended soils are loose, moist, not clogged with perennial weeds, with a neutral or slightly acidic pH reaction. It is undesirable to plant Japanese grape in areas with strongly acidic, heavy, clayey, saline and waterlogged soils. It is not forbidden to grow the species in question in containers, this is especially true for gardeners in central Russia. For the winter, the plants, along with the containers, are brought into cool rooms and sent back to the garden with the onset of stable heat, while protecting the scorching rays of the sun.

Pests and ways to combat them

With improper care or unfavorable conditions, the Japanese vineyard is attacked by various pests, which are sometimes very difficult to get rid of. The leaf roll is considered to be one of the most dangerous pests; it is also capable of causing harm to cultivated species and grape varieties. Leaf rollers are different, for example, the grape leaf roller can damage the buds, flowers and berries of a grape.

In order to prevent the appearance of pests, it is necessary to carefully look after the plants, clearing the near-stem zone from old foliage and removing the old bark, because this is where leaf rollers winter. In case of mass defeat, insectoacaricides are used, such as Zolon, Fozalon, Ekamen, Sumicidin, etc. Spraying is carried out at intervals of 10-12 days. Chlorophos solution is effective in the fight against the leaf roll (at the rate of 30 g per 10 l of water). In this case, the treatment is carried out at the time of swelling of the kidneys, and then after their opening.

The spider mite is no less dangerous for the Japanese grapevine. It can easily endure even harsh winters, hiding in the bark of grapes and fallen leaves. That is why, with the onset of spring, it is necessary to remove fallen leaves under the vines and treat the soil with special preparations. To combat spider mites, treatments with solutions of Fozalon or Keltan are recommended, you can also use Neoron or Nitrofen. Spraying is carried out every two weeks, alternating preparations, because spider mites often show resistance to a particular substance.