2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Many people think that champignons are the only mushrooms that can be grown on their site. But there are other mushrooms that can be cultivated just as well. One of these mushrooms is oyster mushroom. Today we'll talk about growing it
Description of oyster mushrooms
Oyster mushroom is a fairly large mushroom. The hat can be gray, gray-brown or gray-brown. With age, the caps become lighter. The diameter of an adult fungus can reach 20 cm. The plates are lighter in color, up to white, and smoothly run down to the stem. True, it is very tough and is not suitable for food. This mushroom does not grow alone, but in a family, which can contain up to 30 pieces. The total weight of such a family can reach three kilograms.
This mushroom in mid-latitudes bears fruit almost all summer and captures autumn. They grow on the wood of fallen deciduous trees: birch, willow, poplar and aspen, so they do not endanger living growing trees. It is advisable to use oyster mushrooms fresh in cooking. Gourmets will appreciate soups and sauces, and these mushrooms are wonderful stewed and fried. This mushroom can be dried and pickled, and it will not lose its qualities.
Plantation method
Oyster mushroom lends itself well to cultivation. It can be grown on waste wood, while not spending a lot of money. First, you need to prepare thick pieces of trunks (from 15 cm) or the same voluminous branches of birch, aspen, poplar about 30 cm long. Then the wood is kept in water for two days to create normal moisture for the mycelium.
In early spring, these blanks are placed in basements or cellars one by one, forming columns up to two meters high. This is done in this way: the mycelium is applied to the upper cut of the log with a layer of up to two cm, the following is placed on it and also flavored with mushroom spores, etc. When the entire column is built, it is covered with matting, burlap or straw to maintain moisture.
Various cover films are not suitable, they do not allow air to pass through, which is necessary for the development of fungi. It is necessary to monitor the humidity and temperature (10-15 degrees), and after a couple of months the trunks are overgrown with mycelium.
In May, when the weather is favorable, each piece of wood is "planted" in the ground. One side of the column is dug into the ground by 15 cm. The wood columns are placed in rows with an interval of up to 50 cm in a shady corner of the site, shaded with awnings if necessary.
This plantation should be watered carefully in dry weather. Already in August, you can get the first harvest, at the beginning it is not very large (about 600 g) from each column. Such a plantation is quietly left to winter in place, and every year the yield will increase. The greatest usually occurs in the third year of cultivation.
If there are trunks or stumps of old fruit trees in the garden, they may also be suitable for cultivating mushrooms. In this case, you can apply the mycelium in the above way, cutting off the trunks with columns 30 cm high, or you can simply dig holes up to 20 cm deep, add mycelium there, put the prepared columns and sprinkle with earth. After a few days, water abundantly. This method is certainly not very effective, but it does not require any costs. And by autumn you can get a harvest of your mushrooms.
Greenhouse method
In more southern regions, you can grow oyster mushrooms in a greenhouse from October to January. When the harvest of vegetables has already been harvested in the greenhouse, wood pillars are introduced there and dug in to a depth of 15 cm. A granular mycelium is applied to the upper cut and covered with a thick wooden round 3 cm thick. In the greenhouse, a microclimate should be created that promotes the growth of the mycelium.
The air temperature is maintained at about 15 degrees, the soil temperature is about 22, and the humidity is almost one hundred percent. Such conditions need to be maintained for about a month, then for a couple of days the temperature should be lowered to zero degrees and again raised to 15. This technique activates fruiting and by the New Year's holiday, you can get a harvest of fresh mushrooms.
Mycelium
Planting material - sterile grain mycelium can be ordered even on the Internet. It is better to do this in the off-season, since transportation in cold weather will negatively affect the mycelium. Until the moment of planting, it can be stored at + 20C.
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