2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
It's a shame when work is invested in the seedlings and the future harvest, and suddenly the plants begin to hurt and die. Where does such an attack come from when the soil is clean, and the greenhouse is disinfected, and the seeds with high germination capacity? The fact is that an outwardly healthy grain may initially be infected with a disease. And in order to protect the crop from being damaged by bacterial, viral and fungal ailments that are transmitted through seeds, before sowing, you need to devote time to disinfecting them
Warming up the seeds
Various methods of pre-sowing preparation and disinfection are applied to different crops. Seeds of cucumbers and tomatoes are heated. Such a procedure not only disinfects the seed, but also accelerates the emergence of seedlings, promotes the formation of female flowers on cucumber lashes, and more intense fruiting.
You can warm up the seeds in several convenient ways:
1. In the oven for 3 hours, maintaining the temperature at about + 60 ° C. To use this method, cover the baking sheet with paper, spread the seeds on it in a thin layer and put in the oven. During heating, remove the baking sheet several times and mix the seed for uniform processing.
2. The seeds can be heated using electricity. To do this, you need two bulbs - 25 and 60 W, a saucepan, a sieve and a colander. A lamp is placed in the pan, the pan is covered with a sieve. Pour seeds onto a sieve and cover with a colander. For thermal insulation, the structure is covered with a towel, scarf or blanket. The first hour is warmed up with a lower wattage lamp. The next 2 hours the seeds are treated with a 60 W lamp.
3. If the house has a stove, the seeds are placed in a gauze bag and hung next to the heat source. Also for this purpose, you can use heating radiators. Since this method is longer in time than the previous two, it is used long before the sowing date - 4-6 weeks. The recommended room temperature during such heating is + 20 ° С.
Disinfection methods
The warming up procedure helps in the prevention of viral diseases. In addition to heat treatment, it is also recommended to pickle the seeds of cucumbers and tomatoes to increase resistance to bacterial and fungal infections. This can be done in different ways:
• disinfection is performed in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate. For this, 1 g of powder is dissolved in 100 ml of water (about half a glass). For such purposes, it is good to have a kitchen scale on hand. The seeds are immersed in the solution for 20-30 minutes, after which they are washed with water;
• it is useful to process tomato seeds with the following composition: 10 g of potassium permanganate, 2 g of boric acid, 1 g of copper sulfate are taken for 10 liters of water. The inoculum is kept in a solution for disinfection for 15 minutes. After "bathing" it is recommended to rinse the seeds with water;
• Aloe juice has excellent disinfecting properties. Thanks to this natural antiseptic, plants not only grow healthy, but also develop more quickly and give larger fruits. Those who have already used aloe for medicinal purposes know that before the juice is released, the cut leaves need to be kept in a dark cool room for 4-5 days.
If there is no basement or cellar, you can wrap the raw material in cloth and keep it in the refrigerator. Only after that they start extracting juice. The seeds are kept in undiluted aloe for about a day.
Such procedures are not time-consuming, cost-effective and simple. Even a novice gardener can easily cope with it. But this significantly increases the chances of healthy fruiting and a rich harvest.
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