2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Plum in the garden is a bait for many pests. Everyone wants to taste the sweet pulp of berries, juicy leaves. How to protect it from harmful insects? Let's answer this question in more detail
Varieties of weevils
There are 2 types of weevils on the plum:
• bukarka;
• goose.
Despite the exotic names, both representatives cause great harm to the plum, eating all parts of the plant. What are the external signs that distinguish them from each other?
Bukarka
A small bug 3 mm long with a bright blue metallic sheen. Damages buds, plum leaves. Winters in the soil. The larva with a dark head is light yellow, slightly curved, without legs, 3 mm long. Produces 1 generation per year.
In early spring, beetles feed on buds. Then they move on to the buds, eating away their contents or pricking the peduncle. The development of the plant stops.
Before the end of flowering, single eggs are laid in petioles or a thick vein in the middle of the leaf. After a week, the hatching larvae gnaw out a longitudinal canal in these parts of the plant. Leaves fall off ahead of time, growth, fruiting weaken.
Goose
A beetle with a golden shade of pink-red color, metallic luster, 0.6 cm long. The head, whiskers, legs are purple. The larvae are whitish without legs, slightly curved with a brown head.
It hibernates in the beetle phase under leaves in the ground, in cracks or cracks in the bark at the base of the trunk. Forms 1 generation per year. In the spring, adults crawl into the crown, feeding on all parts of the plant that dry up, eventually fall off.
In the resulting fruits, the female lays 1 egg each. Affected berries rotting and fall to the ground. The larva develops in them. Having finished its feeding, it goes into the soil, where it pupates. In late autumn, beetles appear, leaving for the winter.
Weevil control measures:
1. Shaking off beetles from the tree.
2. In the fall, digging of near-trunk circles.
3. Applying poisoned, sticky belts to the base of the central shoot.
4. Twice spraying in the budding phase, until the buds are exposed with solutions of karbofos, actellik.
5. Using infusions of tops of tomato, tansy, tobacco, hellebore.
California scabbard
It belongs to the most harmful insects on the plum. It is a quarantine object. Forms a scutellum of rounded shape, 2 mm in diameter, dark gray slightly convex. Under it is a lemon-yellow female, 1, 2 mm long with a flat, rounded body.
The first instar larvae hibernate under dark shields. In the spring, during the flow of sap near the plum, they wake up. Feeding on cellular fluid, rich in various elements, they quickly turn into adult bisexual individuals. After mating, the female gives birth to live larvae, spreading throughout the plant.
Sucking to the bark, they lose mobility, form a shield above themselves, causing cracking of the bark, reducing the growth of young shoots. Red spots are formed in places of feeding. The quality and yield of fruits is declining. Gives 2 generations.
Control measures:
1. Cleansing trunks, central branches from diseased bark.
2. Cutting, destruction of dry, damaged shoots.
3. Top dressing with complex fertilizers twice a season to increase the resistance of trees: at the beginning of shoots regrowth, in the flowering phase.
4. Purchase of planting material in nurseries with a quality certificate.
5. Treatment with celandine infusion or Actellik, Ditox preparations twice: before bud break in early spring, in summer when larvae appear.
Knowing what each plum pest looks like, you can begin a merciless fight against it using the recommended methods. Let the garden be clean, pleasing for many years with a high yield of sweet berries!
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