2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Plum is a tasty and healthy berry that occupies a worthy place in gardens. But sometimes you have to deal with the consequences of pests inflicted on it. Consider the insects that infect the plum, ways to destroy them
Power features
Let's start our acquaintance with sucking-piercing pests. The specificity of their nutrition is such that in the process of vital activity, they inflict injections on tissue surfaces. As a result, the secreted cell juice becomes a food product. At the same time, plants lack important elements and lose vital moisture. The yield decreases, the size of the fruits decreases. They often take on an ugly shape.
Plum pollinated aphid
An adult of a gentle green shade with bluish-white pubescence, waxy bloom. Hibernates in the egg phase in cracks in the bark or on young shoots near the buds.
The larvae hatch during bud opening, feeding on their tops. Then they crawl onto tender, juicy leaves from the underside. Where they turn into adults, the founders of the genus.
Gives 10 generations per season. It multiplies especially quickly after the flowering phase, forming numerous settlements.
Aphids, in the process of their feeding, discolor the leaves, the shoots first stick slightly, then dry out completely. Causes the death of buds. With a late lesion, the fruits acquire a substandard shape, often rot.
In summer, it moves to weeds, continuing to multiply. Closer to autumn, it returns to the plum, laying eggs that go for the winter.
A sooty fungus settles on the secretions of aphids, contributing to early leaf fall, crumbling, shedding of berries.
Control measures:
1. Removal of root shoots - aphid feeding place.
2. Destruction of weeds, especially bedstraw.
3. Spraying trees with infusions of dandelion, tobacco, onion husks, red hot pepper.
4. In case of a large number of pests, a biological preparation phytoverm or chemical preparations are used - Ditox, Iskra.
Varieties of ticks
On the plum, 2 types of fruit mites can harm:
• Red;
• brown.
Each of them causes significant damage that reduces the yield of trees. Let's consider in more detail the representatives of this class.
Fruit red mite
The female has an oval-convex body 0.4 mm long, red-orange in young, red-brown in old individuals. The back has 4 rows of long setae. During the season, it gives up to 5 generations.
Eggs overwinter on the bark near the buds of young shoots. In spring, larvae hatch during the budding phase. On damaged leaf plates, pale yellow spots form along the veins. Then the leaf turns gray, dries up, falls off.
The insect loves high levels of air humidity.
Fruit brown mite
Its back is flat, its body is brown, 0.5 mm in size. It develops 5 generations per season. The eggs remain overwintered on the young bark of the shoots.
The release of the larvae is extended in time for a month, coincides with the flowering of the plum. First, it feeds on the bark, where it leaves the skins after molting of a silvery color, then goes on to the leaves.
The females in the last generation lay eggs for the winter. Dislikes high air humidity.
Measures to combat all types of ticks:
1. Cleaning, followed by burning of fallen leaves.
2. Cleaning of dead bark, its obligatory disposal.
3. Widespread weed control.
4. Before the flowering phase, after it, spraying with neoron or infusions of colloidal sulfur (100 g per bucket of 10 liters of water), datura, henbane, potato tops.
5. Application of biological solutions phytoverm, bitoxibacillin.
Protecting the plum from pests allows it to prepare well for wintering, gain strength for fruiting for the next year, and keep the berries clean, of commercial quality.
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