2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Japanese cabbage (Latin Brassica rapa var. Japonica) - a valuable vegetable crop; herbaceous plant of the Cruciferous family, or Cabbage. It is widely used in cooking and ornamental gardening. It is cultivated mainly in China and Japan, in Russia it is grown on personal household plots. In terms of chemical composition, the culture is similar to Chinese cabbage and Peking cabbage, the difference lies in the lowest content of mustard oils.
Characteristics of culture
Japanese cabbage is an annual or biennial plant that forms a rather large spreading leafy rosette during its growth, reaching a diameter of up to 90 cm. Due to the awakening of the apical buds, the plant is able to grow back even after cutting. Currently, there are two forms of Japanese cabbage - Mizuna and Mibuna. Mizuna is represented by plants with leaves dissected into lobes, the length of which varies from 15 to 30 cm. Externally, the leaf blade is similar to that of celery. Mibuna has a lanceolate leaf shape. Both forms dark green or green, smooth, petiolate. Most often, Japanese cabbage is grown as an annual crop, but the plant tends to form a root crop (assuming a two-year cycle). Fruits are formed conical, large, up to 7 cm in diameter. The pulp is tender, taste like rutabagas.
Among the varieties of Japanese cabbage, the Little Mermaid can be noted, this variety is popular among Russian gardeners and gardeners. The variety is mid-season, represented by plants with green, smooth, lyre-pinnate, serrated along the edge of the leaves, collected in a slightly raised or horizontal rosette. The variety is cold-resistant, easily tolerates heat. The first crop of leaves is harvested after 50-55 days. Tastes good. Suitable for open field cultivation, resistant to flowering, sowing can be carried out throughout the gardening season. No less interesting is the early ripening variety Pizhon, from the emergence of shoots to the harvest of leaves in only 30-35 days. It is represented by plants with strongly dissected leaves, collected in a horizontal rosette. Suitable for both open and protected ground.
The subtleties of growing
In Russia, the culture is grown mainly in seedlings, although a good harvest can be obtained by sowing seeds in open ground. The seeds of Japanese cabbage are sown at several times. Seeds germinate at a temperature of 3-5C. The optimum temperature for growth and development is 18-20C. Young plants are resistant to short-term spring frosts. Soils for Japanese cabbage are preferable fertile, loamy, drained, well-moistened, loose, with a high content of organic matter and mineral fertilizers. The location is sunny, with diffused light. Thick shade is undesirable. The best predecessors are tomato, onion, cucumber, beetroot, legumes, potatoes and perennial herbs. It is not recommended to grow cabbage after members of the Cruciferous family.
Seeds are sown with lowercase ribbons, the distance between the ribbons should be at least 70 cm, between the lines - 40 cm. Sowing in standard beds according to the scheme 60 * 40 * 40 cm is not prohibited (this method is also most successful for planting Japanese cabbage seedlings). Seedlings appear in 3-4 days. In the phase of 3-4 true leaves, strongly thickened crops are thinned out. Care consists in feeding, watering, loosening and weeding. Two dressings are enough per season, but subject to the introduction of humus or compost, superphosphate and potassium sulfate for digging. You should be very careful with nitrogen fertilizers, because plants are prone to nitrate accumulation. Watering should be regular, the plants wither when there is a lack of moisture. Waterlogging is unacceptable. Like all cruciferous plants, Japanese cabbage is often affected by the cruciferous flea, in which case urgent processing is necessary.
Application
Japanese cabbage is rich in vitamins, macro and microelements, it is used to prepare vegetable salads, sandwiches and other dishes. Harmoniously fresh cabbage leaves are combined with feta cheese, various types of meat and fish. The leaves are used both fresh and pickled. In decorative gardening, plants are used to decorate flower beds and borders.
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© kapa196628 / Rusmediabank.ru Latin name: Brassica capitata Family: Cruciferous Categories: Vegetable crops White cabbage (Latin Brassica capitata) - popular vegetable culture; biennial plant of the Cruciferous family.
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