2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Muchosed affects pears and apple trees mainly in rather old and very dense orchards with insufficient aeration. He also does not bypass abandoned gardens. And this fungal disease received such an interesting name due to the fact that the dots formed during infection on the fruits vaguely resemble the excrement of flies. By the way, in addition to pears and apple trees, plums are sometimes also affected by the fly-eater
A few words about the disease
When infected with this unpleasant disease, small single or numerous dots of black color are formed on the affected fruits of pears and apple trees, in appearance somewhat reminiscent of the excrement of house flies known to all. These dots are nothing more than the spores of a fungus that infects ripe fruits. At the same time, the harmful fungus does not penetrate deep into the pulp, therefore, this does not in any way affect the taste, as well as the keeping quality of the fruit. But the presentation of pears with apples is losing.
Soot spots of various sizes and shapes can also appear on them shortly before the start of harvesting. Such spots can merge and form a continuous bloom, covering the apple or pear completely.
The development of the fly-beetle simultaneously with the sooty fungus occurs quite often. And sometimes moniliosis, a much more terrible disease of fruit trees, can also be disguised as a fly-eater. So in any case, if any lesions appear on the fruits, you should be vigilant.
To a large extent, the development of this unpleasant ailment is favored by the loss of abundant dew or a prolonged and rather rainy autumn. For a person, this disease does not pose any danger, only the decorativeness of the garden suffers.
It is noteworthy that it is extremely rare to meet a fly-eater on such apple varieties as Renet Lansberg and Aport.
How to fight
When collecting fruits intended for long-term storage, care must be taken and only high-quality fruits should be selected. It is highly undesirable to store pears together with apples.
Severely affected fruits should be removed systematically. This applies not only to fallen fruits, but also hanging on trees. It is also important to remove weeds around in a timely manner.
In infected gardens, it is recommended to spray both trees and soil with copper or iron vitriol, nitrafen, or oleocubrite in fairly substantial quantities. Such spraying will be advisable before the buds bloom in the spring.
At the beginning of budding, it is allowed to spray with Bordeaux liquid, which takes four hundred grams per ten liters of water. And if tiny buds have already begun to protrude on the trees, then the amount of Bordeaux liquid is reduced to one hundred grams.
As soon as the trees finish blooming, proceed to the second spraying. Solutions of phthalan, captan, zineb, cuprozan, copper oxychloride, or 1% Bordeaux liquid are best suited for this.
The period of the third spraying usually coincides with the period of treatment against pear and apple moths. As a rule, this happens fifteen to twenty days after flowering. If the spraying is planned with copper oxychloride or Bordeaux liquid, then individual branches are first sprayed to see if the applied means will cause leaf burns. Such burns appear either in the form of necrotic spots on the leaves, or in the form of a characteristic mesh on the fruits. Well, if the garden is too heavily infected, the number of sprays per season can reach four or even six. For greater effectiveness, drugs are alternated.
Used for spraying and a drug called "Metram", which has both therapeutic and protective effects. The best results can be achieved if the treatment is carried out before the causative agent of the disease enters the plants. This drug prevents the unwanted germination of fungal spores and has a fairly long-lasting aftereffect. As for its compatibility with other pesticides, it is compatible with most of them, except for oil-containing preparations.
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