2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Photo: Ron Zmiri / Rusmediabank.ru
How nice it is to sit on your personal plot on a summer day, to admire the pond built with your own hands. However, the pleasure will not be complete if the reservoir is not ennobled, namely, not decorated with plants that not only play a decorative role, but also perform a number of useful functions. Aquatic plants increase the concentration of moisture in the air, which contributes to better plant life in the garden. Also, plants living in water and on water attract small animals and insects, which regulate the biological balance of the reservoir. In order for the plants to take root and get accustomed better, it is best to plant them in late spring.
According to the area of placement and habitat, aquatic plants are divided into several groups:
Deep-sea plants - grow at the bottom of the reservoir, anchored in its soil. Such plants carry out many useful functions, they release oxygen, which helps fish and small animals in the pond to breathe, serve as a natural water purifier, absorbing harmful substances, do not allow water to turn green and "bloom". Deep-sea plants are divided into two types: fixed - growing from the ground. Such plants are rooted in the fertile soil at the bottom of the pond, and their massive, dense leaves float on the surface. The second type is free-swimming - they do not need soil. Deep sea plants tolerate winter well as their roots are below the ice formation level.
Elodeya is an unpretentious, easily growing deep-sea plant. It quickly adapts to any conditions, grows especially well in stagnant water. Elodea or as it is called "water plague" quickly grows to the surface of the pond, releasing white flowers. They have weak roots and do not need soil. Also, this plant can serve as a feed for fish living in the reservoir. Hornwort is a fast-growing frost-resistant plant with hard leaves. It is completely unpretentious, it can live both in a rooted form and in free swimming.
Shallow water zone or shallow water - a depth zone of about 30 cm. Plants in this zone are free-floating, have well-developed wide leaves that cover a large area of the pond. The plant is submerged in water, and its flowering part is on the surface for insect pollination. Representatives are: water nut - a plant in the form of horned nuts, the fruits of which can be eaten by roasting on coals. In the fall, the leaves of this plant turn red, which allows the pond to look attractive not only in summer. Water hyacinth is a natural filter for the pond. This plant has beautiful flowers and grows best in dirty water, that is, the nutrient medium for the water hyacinth is water saturated with nitrates and organic substances.
Swamp or coastal zone - the water level is about 10 cm. In this zone there are moisture-loving plants that feel good both on wet and submerged soil. Representatives are plants such as marsh iris. The plant has small yellow flowers, the flowering period is quite long, it grows up to one and a half meters. Calamus cereal is a fragrant marsh plant, reaches a height of about 1 meter, is considered a medicinal plant. Calla lily is a type of calla lilies, blooms with white-cream flowers, resistant to wintering. The diameter of the flower bed can be up to 7 cm.
Coastal zone or dry shore zone - plants living in this zone smoothly transfer to the soil of the garden. Representatives of the dry coast of sedge are a spike-shaped gray-green tough plant. Reaches a height of about 75 cm. Sedge is not very resistant to bad weather, it is grown in places protected from the cold. Badan is a medicinal plant that tolerates drought well and blooms with beautiful pink flowers in the form of tassels.
The zone of water lilies is also distinguished - underwater plants or algae grow here (the leaves do not come out to the surface of the water). Plants in this zone do not take root in the ground. The brightest and most common representative is the water lily, it has many varieties, it is calibrated depending on the temperature, depth and area of coverage of the reservoir.
Almost all aquatic plants die off in the fall. The foliage protruding from the water is cut off and caught with a net. Only the root part is left for wintering. Some plants are transferred indoors by transplanting them. For ease of use, many growers sell plants directly in containers that are immersed in water and removed from it for the winter.
Around the reservoir, you can plant small plants and shrubs hanging over the water - this will add mystery and mystery to the pond, and will also help to unite the whole composition.
In order for the pond to please the eye from early spring to late autumn, you should select plants that bloom at different times, thanks to which the pond will be picturesque for a very long time.
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