2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Onoklea is a rather interesting ancient tropical fern native to the Mediterranean, intended for cultivation in shady areas. Onoclea grows equally well in coastal areas and in water bodies. However, only one type of this plant is suitable for growing in areas with a temperate climate - sensitive onoclea. For fans of landscape design, it will be a real find
Getting to know the plant
Onoklea is a representative of the Onokleev family. The rhizome of this fern is rather long, branching and deep enough - at a depth of eight to twelve centimeters. Growing with lightning speed, it forms a loose ground cover of pinnately dissected very dense deltoid leaves of a light green color. At the very beginning of growth, these leaves, called sterile, are erect, and after some time they grow up to a meter long and take the shape of an arch. During the season, the leaves can change color: being pinkish in spring, with the onset of summer they turn light green.
Sporophylls (as spore-bearing leaves are called) that appear closer to autumn, reaching sixty centimeters in height, are painted in reddish tones. The tailbones of their lobules are intricately twisted into balls resembling a string of pearls. The leaf blades of sporophylls are double pinnately dissected, lanceolate. Spore-bearing leaves are able to persist quite well throughout the winter period, and spores begin to be released from them in the spring, before the formation of new leaves begins.
Sensitive onoklea is quite aggressive - it grows with incredible speed, forming a rather dense cover. It can grow along river banks, moss bogs and meadows, as well as in mixed forests, retaining its decorative effect from spring to the onset of the first severe frosts.
Onoklea is rightfully considered one of the most ancient ferns, because its fossils have been found in various parts of the world, including Siberia and the Northern Dvina basin. Scientists managed to establish that it was already known in the distant Devonian period. And this plant was introduced into culture at the end of the 18th century.
How to grow
For planting onglue, it is best to choose moist, shaded places, which will be the key to its good development. The more light it receives, the more moisture it needs. The soil for growing this fern must be sufficiently dense and slightly acidic, and it must also be constantly moistened so that the roots of the plant are always in a moist environment. Damp peat bogs are perfect, as well as soil compost formed by one part of leaf humus and three parts of fertile loose loam. Before planting seedlings, it is recommended to pre-mix the soil with coniferous sawdust, wood chips or bark and superphosphate. In shallow waters and in very swampy areas, this type of fern also grows quite well.
Onokley propagates by segments of rhizomes or spores. This beautiful fern is propagated by rhizomes at the very beginning of spring or autumn. And onoclea spores are sown immediately after they are collected.
In care, this beauty is absolutely undemanding, practically not damaged by pests and diseases. Onoklea is quite resistant to winter temperatures and does not need any shelter. Before wintering, the planting nests are spud (if desired, the addition of superphosphate is allowed), and the dead stems are removed with a secateurs.
Often, onoklea is used to decorate shady areas located in landscape gardens, as well as to decorate the banks of shady ponds. This beauty is also not bad for growing in rock gardens. It will look great surrounded by such large perennials as arcuate aconite, symlocarpus and arizema.
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