2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Downy mildew of spinach, or spinach downy mildew, affects not only its leaves, but also the testes with inflorescences. In addition to seedlings, adult crops are often attacked by downy mildew. This ailment develops especially rapidly with a permanent spinach culture, when grown in greenhouses, as well as with sharp temperature fluctuations and in excessively humid weather. The result of the defeat by peronosporosis is a serious drop in the yield of appetizing leaves
A few words about the disease
When spinach is affected by peronosporosis, specks of yellowish-greenish shades are formed on the upper sides of the leaves, which have rather blurred outlines. And on their lower sides, you can see a felt bloom of lilac-gray shades, containing spores of a harmful fungus-pathogen. Such a plaque consists of numerous conidia. In some cases, it is able to move to the upper sides of the leaves. All specks gradually dry out, as a result of which the leaves begin to curl.
The overwintering of the causative fungus takes place in seeds and in infected plants. And its spread occurs by spores through infected seed material. The pathogen enters plants either through the stomata or directly through the epidermis.
To a large extent, the development of downy mildew is facilitated by excessively compacted crops, abundant dew, and too high humidity (from 85 to 95 percent).
How to fight
All residues of vegetation, as well as infected plants, should be promptly removed from the sites. And the places where the infected plants grow are treated with the Previkura solution. Also, when growing spinach, you must follow the rules of crop rotation and follow the basic agrotechnical rules.
Before planting the seeds, it is recommended to disinfect them by keeping them in water for twenty minutes, the temperature of which is 50 degrees. And you can subject them to any other processing. For example, seeds are often treated with TMTD.
Quite often, seeds are soaked in growth regulators, among which the best ones are "Potassium Humate", "Energen", "Ideal", "Agricola-Start" or "Bud". By the way, the “Bud” preparation can be used to treat vegetation during the growing season. To carry out such treatments, 2 g of the product is diluted in one liter of water. Also, solutions of such biological products as "Azotofit-r", "Phytocid-r", "Planriz" and "Trichodermin" are excellent for soaking seeds.
It is recommended to treat the soil mixture both during picking and when sowing spinach with a mixture of Planriz and Trichodermin (100 g of both preparations are taken for ten liters of water).
An excellent solution would be to grow resistant spinach varieties, which include the Sporter F1 and Spokane F1.
The best option for placing spinach in the beds is ribbon or row planting. Excessive thickening should not be allowed. If the crops are very dense, then they are thinned out. Plants should be watered evenly, preferably under the roots. As for fertilizers, they are used in limited doses, since they are capable of accumulating a huge amount of all kinds of undesirable compounds in the delicate leaves of spinach.
As soon as the first symptoms of peronosporosis can be detected on spinach, they begin to treat it with copper-containing preparations. Seed plants are usually sprayed with 1% Bordeaux mixture. Also, during the growing season, growing crops are treated with drugs such as "Izumrud" and "Zaslon".
After the entire crop has been harvested, the remnants of the leaves are cut off, and the beds are treated with colloidal sulfur (in ten liters of water, it is diluted in an amount of 20 g). One liter of the prepared working solution is usually enough for an average of twelve square meters.
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