2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
In the store, we often buy champignons and do not think about the fact that they can be grown by ourselves in the country. Let's talk about the intricacies of growing these mushrooms in the garden
Features of champignons
Champignons are the highest yielding mushrooms grown in artificial conditions. Four times more vegetables can be harvested from one garden bed than vegetables from the same area. They are convenient because they do not need sunlight, so they use "waste" land in shady places for cultivation, where it is impossible to grow anything. Basements and special greenhouses are often used for disembarkation.
Those wishing to master the technique of champignon production should know some of the intricacies of home cultivation, so as not to get disappointed. The main condition for a successful enterprise is the absence of sunlight, as well as adherence to a certain temperature, the presence of ventilation and humidity.
What do you need to grow mushrooms in the garden?
It is necessary to compost straw and poultry manure. These difficulties can be circumvented and purchased ready-made compost mixture. It is necessary to build a mushroom box - a closed garden bed, deepened 40 cm into the ground. The walls and lid are made of planks and insulated with polystyrene foam. The height of the entire structure is not less than 70 cm. Often, to maintain constant humidity, a sackcloth canopy is made above the lid, the ends of which are lowered into a container with water.
The compost is laid in two layers, 10 cm each, each of which compresses well. Thus, the total height of the formed bed should not exceed half the height of the wooden side. After that it is necessary to measure the temperature inside the compost. Sowing is carried out at a temperature of +22, but not exceeding +30.
Champignons from the purchased mycelium in the garden
For planting, you need spores that are not difficult to buy. The acquired mycelium is stored in the refrigerator and kept at room temperature a day before planting. The mycelium can be laid out on a litter and planted in a garden bed to a depth of 7 cm in pieces in a checkerboard pattern. No more than 500 grams of mycelium are sown per 1 m2. The required humidity for the full development of mushrooms is 85%, and the air temperature is not lower than +17.
grain mycelium
The first shoots appear in 10 days. At this time, it is necessary to loosen the casing layer. Mushrooms bear fruit at intervals of up to 8 weeks. The collection is carried out carefully so as not to damage the nearby rudiments of new fruits. The mushroom is taken by the leg and carefully twisted. The formed depressions are covered with earth. After the first harvest, the covering soil can be watered. It should be remembered that for mushrooms, dryness is better than excess moisture.
Growing champignons in the basement
Champignons are also successfully grown in warmed basements. The cultivation process is no different from ground beds, but perforated plastic containers can be used in this case. This method is also convenient in that the area is used more rationally, since containers can be knocked down with vertical slats into three-tier racks. The covering layer of earth must be covered with burlap and moistened with a spray bottle until the first shoots appear.
The mushrooms should not be allowed to overgrow. This will lead to blackening of the plates and the taste will deteriorate. In order to avoid contamination of the mycelium with various infections, it is necessary to remove all the fragments of the fruit, wormy and diseased specimens.
Do not throw mushroom cleaners close to the beds. The equipment used by the mushroom grower must be disinfected with bleach and washed with running water before carrying out the next work.
Champignons in a garden of self-cooked spores
If you wish, you can make your own planting material. Take a few mushrooms, preferably overgrown, chop and cover with warm water. Leave to ferment under the lid. In a day, the liquid will be saturated with spores, or, to put it correctly, "mycelium".
The prepared soil should be warmed up to +22. Liquid with spores is evenly poured onto the garden bed. Sprinkled with a thin layer of sifted soil. Since the roots of mushrooms are scanty, the thickness of the coating should be no more than 1 centimeter. To speed up germination, you can cover the surface with polyethylene. It is important for development to maintain a given temperature and not be zealous in watering. After germination, only daily spraying is carried out (you can do it twice a day). If poured with a watering can, then once a week.
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