2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Subcutaneous viral spotting of pears contributes to a significant decrease in pear yield. In addition, quince with apple trees (most often in a latent form) can also suffer from this unpleasant ailment. Fruits of pears with hard and convex formations are the result of their defeat by subcutaneous viral spot. It is often not possible to get rid of this misfortune, therefore, special attention should be paid to preventive measures in order to prevent the occurrence of such an unpleasant ailment
A few words about the disease
When infected with subcutaneous spotting, in the very depths of the pulp of young fruits, numerous clusters of scleroids are formed - hard and absolutely tasteless cells. In the affected areas, the growth of pear pulp immediately stops, and with further growth of the fruit, dents form on them. As a result, the fruit looks pretty ugly. The quantity, as well as the quality of the harvest from infected trees, drops significantly, and sometimes their fruiting stops altogether.
The leaves of trees affected by subcutaneous spotting of pears often acquire a mosaic color, followed by the death of innumerable mosaic specks. Cracks form on the skeletal branches and bark of the boles. Infected trees are weakened and often freeze out in winter.
Causes subcutaneous viral spotting a virus developing in the cells of living organisms. And this virus spreads by all kinds of sucking insects (often aphids), with sap of infected vegetation, herbivorous mites, and also during grafting of infected cuttings on healthy trees. The lack of intermediate disinfection of the garden tool used when pruning various healthy crops at the same time as sick crops also provokes the spread of a harmful virus.
Among pear varieties prone to subcutaneous viral spotting, one can note such varieties as Williams, Klappa, Lyubimitsa and Bere Boek.
Subcutaneous viral spotting of pears is widespread in almost all European countries.
How to fight
When planting pears, it is extremely important to use healthy planting material, as well as strictly follow the recommended quarantine measures. In order not to allow the disease to spread, the vegetation must be treated in a timely manner against various sucking insects.
Carefully, at least twice, it is necessary to examine all trees for the presence of subcutaneous viral spotting: this is usually done at the very beginning of summer or early spring, as well as in autumn, about a month before the leaves begin to fall off the trees.
Before the buds bloom, it is recommended to spray the trees with Nitrafen once, and immediately after flowering, with one percent Bordeaux liquid. Spraying with Bordeaux liquid is then repeated after fifteen to twenty days. Before flowering, it is also allowed to spray with 0.4% zineb or 0.4% copper oxychloride. And about once every five years, experienced gardeners are advised to spray trees with copper or iron sulfate.
Pears with signs of the disease found on them are uprooted and immediately burned. Fallen leaves in the fall are treated with a solution of urea (7%), and in the spring they are buried in the ground. And in order to reduce the reserves of infection, the leaves should be raked into piles, burned or laid in compost, shifting with layers of earth ten to fifteen centimeters.
It should also be mentioned that the issue of combating various viruses by warming up infected plants is currently being worked out. But, unfortunately, science does not yet possess radical methods of dealing with such an unpleasant disease as subcutaneous viral spotting of a pear.
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