2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The Italian locust is a ubiquitous pest that damages all kinds of forest and agricultural crops, fruit trees and grapes, legumes, herbs and grains, corn, cereals, melons, medicinal, vegetable and industrial crops, as well as forest species mainly in young plantings and nurseries (white acacia, aspen, oak, poplar, ash, birch, etc.). These insects can easily cover distances of several kilometers
Who is the Italian Prus
The body color of harmful insects can be whitish, brownish, brownish-brown, brown or gray-brown. Their elytra are narrowed towards the apex, with thin venation and, as a rule, with a decent amount of blackish specks of various sizes. The wings are slightly shorter than the elytra, with a pink base and rare venation, narrow. On the chest between the forelegs of the Italian locust there is a strong blunt outgrowth. The hind femora are pink on the inside, have two incomplete dark bands (the band may be almost absent), the hind legs are mostly red or pink in color, but there are also whitish ones (with a slight pinkish tinge).
Pest eggs are 1 - 1.3 mm wide and 4 - 5 mm long. Towards the end, they are narrowed, and thickened in the lower half. The eggs of the Italian locust are distinguished by their dullness, reddish tint, the presence of a sharp sculpture on the surface formed by a hillock and narrow ribs. Larvae can be easily distinguished by the keels on the front dorsum.
The parasite can live in different places: in the steppe zone, it prefers old fallow lands, salt marshes and steppes; in the northern part of Russia - areas with chalk deposits and light sandy soils. These insects lay eggs about a week after mating, usually from the second half of summer to September. If the soil is loose, then eggs are laid to a depth of 3 - 3, 5 cm. As for salt marshes and other places with very dry soil in summer, egg-laying can often be found in heaps of animal excrement, as well as on molehills, in the soil.
Pest control
In order to avoid yield losses, it is preferable to control the Italian locust not on crops, but in the zones of emergence of numerous larvae. There are several ways to deal with the Italian Locust.
Genetic. Provides for various changes in the reproduction function of parasites. This is facilitated by chemical sterilization. The result of exposure to various chemicals is a reduction in the offspring of harmful insects at times, as well as the appearance of so-called mutant individuals, in which the oral apparatus is clearly underdeveloped.
Biological. It is based not only on living organisms, but also on the products of their vital activity - thanks to them, crop losses can be significantly reduced or completely prevented.
Mechanical. Techniques are used, as well as improvised means to help prevent the movement and chaotic settlement of the Italian locust, as well as promote its accumulation in places where it is easy to find and destroy.
Integral. Destruction of pests through the use of natural factors. These include: active measures suppressing the number and development of parasites; high-quality agricultural technology; periodic activation of the action of various causative agents of diseases (these include antagonists and entomophages) and its subsequent maintenance.
Agrotechnical. This includes a set of measures aimed at ensuring the most favorable conditions for the harvest (more precisely, for its growth and development).
Physical. Assistants here will be various physical phenomena: ultrasound, ionizing radiation and UV rays, low and high temperatures.
Chemical. The use of pesticides - chemicals. Among the varieties of pesticides are: nematicides, acaricides, aphicides, herbicides, insecticides, rodencitides, fungicides and plant growth regulators.
Organizational and economic measures. These include: saturation of the soil with trace elements and minerals; development and breeding of new varieties of vegetation less susceptible to diseases; plowing with an increase in its depth; obligatory change of various crop rotation crops; compliance with the most optimal sowing dates; liming acidic soil; timely harvesting of the remaining crop and short terms of its collection.
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