2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Agricultural regulations are aimed at obtaining increased yields and soil productivity. The main point is compliance with crop rotation. Information on how to correctly plan a vegetable garden for planting, taking into account previous plants and get a high yield
What is crop rotation
The alternation of vegetable crops reduces the accumulation of pests and viral diseases in the ground. Accordingly, it reduces the risk of damage to the planted plants. A scientifically based sequence of changing crops in order to increase yields is called a crop rotation. This method can significantly reduce the defeat of viral diseases, pests, improve the fertility of the earth, and contributes to the rational use of the mineral-organic composition of the soil by plants.
Failure to comply with the rules of crop rotation when planning plantings leads to soil depletion and minimal harvests. Therefore, it is necessary to alternate in cultivation using knowledge about favorable predecessors, which in their own way prepare the land and make it more favorable for certain plants.
Vegetable placement principles
Experienced gardeners are preparing for the planting season in advance. If you want to competently use the forces of the earth and strive to get a high yield, start planning your plantings. Even if there are several beds (3-5), you need to plant them correctly.
Write on paper a detailed plan of the garden, indicating the crops planted, indicate the year. Based on this, you can draw up a perspective for several years. The predecessors are the basis for the next planting, this prevents narrowly targeted soil depletion. For example, the “tops-roots” system works like this: vegetables with deep roots are always planted after plants with finely rooted formations (after cabbage or tomato, carrots are sown and vice versa).
You can also relate the layout to existing landmarks. If you grow cucumbers, then after them it is better to plant beans, and in the third year, peas. The onion garden is planted with cucumbers for the next year, and cabbage for the third. After cabbage, sow carrots, then cucumbers. After the beets, tomatoes grow well, in the third year, put the soil under the beans. After tomatoes - peas - salad. Use the area with beans for the next season for beets, then for tomatoes. Based on this, you can plan ahead for several planting seasons.
An important factor is the introduction of manure. This moment makes adjustments, as it affects the cultivation of root crops. For example, on freshly watered soil, the root crop usually has low palatability, and the fruit grows ugly or twisted.
Distribution of vegetable crops by families
Strive to respect the family affiliation of the planned plantings. In places with the growth of certain crops belonging to the same family, it is not recommended to repeat other varieties - a break of 3-4 years is needed, to put soil under other groups of vegetables. Strawberries, potatoes, beans are excluded from this rule - they bear fruit in one place for many years.
We give an example of subgroups of vegetables, the most popular among summer residents.
• Solanaceous plants: eggplants, physalis, peppers, potatoes, tomatoes.
• Onions: garlic, all types of onions.
• Legumes: peas, cowpea, soybeans, rank beans, beans, peanuts.
• Umbrella: celery, parsley, cilantro, carrots, caraway seeds, dill.
• Pumpkin: squash, melon, cucumber, squash, watermelon.
• Cruciferous: radish, cabbage (all types), watercress, radish, daikon.
• Haze: spinach, Swiss chard, beets.
• Buckwheat: sorrel, rhubarb.
• Lipoids: lemon balm, marjoram, peppermint, thyme, basil, hyssop.
• Astral: Jerusalem artichoke, lettuce, artichoke, sunflower, tarragon.
Crop rotation recommendations
This information is about the most popular crops. After the onion / garlic, it is recommended to plant cucumbers, legumes, carrots, potatoes. Sowing of beets, cabbage, tomatoes is allowed. Planting physalis, onions, peppers, garlic is excluded.
• After pumpkins, cucumbers, squash, onions, cabbage, potatoes, beans will grow best of all. Leafy greens, beets are allowed. Undesirable: pumpkin, zucchini.
• After eggplant, feel free to plant cabbage, cucumbers, turnips, onions, legumes, melons. You can have beets, you can’t - tomatoes, peppers.
• On the garden bed after cabbage - onions, tomatoes, potatoes, peas, you can salad. Do not recommend rutabagas, pumpkin, turnips, radishes, cucumbers, carrots.
• On the site after spicy greens, cucumbers, cabbage are recommended, it is possible to plant tomatoes, legumes, onions, potatoes. You can't - carrots, parsnips.
These recommendations are based on long-term observations and are part of the crop rotation rules.
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