2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Apple glass can be found literally everywhere and mainly affects apple trees. However, pears can suffer from its invasions a little less often. And sometimes it attacks hawthorn, cherry, apricot, mountain ash and plum. These graceful pests are especially harmful in the steppe regions. In most cases, they inhabit trees affected by sunburn, frostbites or fungal ailments. If the damage is especially significant, individual branches, and sometimes entire trees, may begin to die prematurely
Meet the pest
The apple glass bowl is an incredibly attractive butterfly with wingspan ranging from 18 to 22 mm. All pests are endowed with glassy narrow wings, equipped along the veins and along the edges with small black-blue scales. On the fourth segment of their abdomen, one can observe red transverse stripes, and on the last segment there are funny tassels with dark blue hairs.
The size of the oval, yellowish brown pest eggs is about 1 mm. Caterpillars grow in length from 22 to 25 mm and are characterized by a light yellow color with a slight reddish tint, and red translucent stripes run along their backs. The spiracles of the caterpillars are black, and the occipital plates and chairpersons are black-brown. The length of the yellowish-brownish pupae reaches about 13-14 mm. All of them have two rows of tiny spines on the dorsal side of the abdominal segments.
Younger caterpillars overwinter in the passages made by them in the bast and bark. Individuals that have completed development somewhere in the second decade of May gnaw through passages-corridors to the very surface. Outside, they leave only a thin layer of bark, which looks like a bizarre window. All caterpillars pupate in cocoons in the moves made by them. The pupation process usually begins in May, and ends with the onset of July.
Fifteen or sixteen days later, before the butterflies fly out, pupae move out of the holes made in the bark with the help of palps. After the butterflies fly out, the shells of the pupae remain half outside for some time. Butterflies fly from late May to mid-August. They are especially active in the daytime, and their average life span is from ten to twelve days. All butterflies additionally feed on flower nectar on a wide variety of plants.
Females of harmful parasites lay eggs in cracks and crevices in the bark of skeletal branches and tree boles. Their total fertility reaches two hundred and fifty eggs.
In eight to ten days, caterpillars begin to revive, instantly digging under the tree bark and feeding on sapwood for two growing seasons. In Crimea, these pests complete their development in one season. Malicious caterpillars grind winding passages going from the bottom up, filling them with brownish rare excrement, which subsequently flows out of the holes made by the parasites.
How to fight
With the onset of autumn, the bark must be thoroughly cleaned. When spraying with insecticides against all kinds of pests (and especially the apple moth), in order to destroy caterpillars and butterflies of apple glass moths, it is necessary to process tree trunks.
If you do not want to use chemical agents to combat gluttonous parasites, you can use such biological preparations as Fitoverm (per liter of water - 2 ml), Bitoxibacillin (per bucket of water - 100 g) or Lepidocide (per bucket of water - 30 g).
In the autumn-winter period, measures to attract various insectivorous birds will not be superfluous. Woodpeckers are especially fond of eating harmful parasites.
Also, among the natural enemies of apple glass, endoparasites can be noted: ichneumonids and braconid.
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