2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The American prairie dweller, whose romance we have absorbed from American films about cowboys and Indians, is widely cultivated in Europe and Africa. She also adorns Russian gardens, associating with tall plants along the village fence, decorating unsightly fences with a golden abundance of yellow balls of rudbeckia, which we call "Golden Balls" flowers
What's in your name
Rudbeckia is another representative of the Astrov family, which is annual and perennial. Having received the name "Black-eyed Suzanne" from the pioneers in the development of the lands of the New World for the dark-colored core of the flower, the plant did not stop there. Having moved to Europe, it changed its name to "Sun Hat", which the German people assigned to the plant.
Most of the plants received their scientific names from Karl Linnaeus, who tried to immortalize the names of all his friends, acquaintances and acquaintances who studied nature, in case that even if the human race for some reason falls silent, nature will preserve the memory of wonderful people. In Rudbeckia, Linnaeus immortalized the dynasty of Swedish botanists, consisting of a father and a son with the same names - Olof Rudbek.
Habit
The branched or simple stems of rudbeckia range from 50 centimeters to 3 meters. Leaves of different shape and method of attachment are 5-25 centimeters long. In the lower part of the plant, the leaves have long petioles, and in the upper part, they sit directly on the stem.
Flowers are also of two types. In the center, they are tubular, bisexual, from yellow to brown. Infertile ligulate marginal flowers are orange, yellow, brown. The fruit of the plant is in the form of an oblong achene, sometimes with a small crown; retains germination for three years.
Due to the similarity with the flowers of Echinacea, the genus of rudbeckia is combined by some botanists with the genus of Echinacea. For example, rudbeckia purpurea belongs to the genus Echinacea.
Reproduction and cultivation
Rudbeckia can be propagated by seeds (sowing in April for seedlings, in open ground - in May), rhizome, dividing the bush. The bush is divided in early spring or autumn.
The plant prefers well-fertilized soils, on which it will delight with abundant and long-lasting flowering. Although, in principle, it can grow on other soils. He does not like drought and excessive watering, that is, everything should be in moderation. The plants are sun-loving, but they also tolerate partial shade.
Tall flowers require a garter, although tall thickets of the "Golden Ball" growing near the fences support each other reliably.
In favorable conditions, they can grow in one place up to 7-8 years.
Rudbeckia leaves are attacked by leaf nematodes.
Types of rudbeckia
* Rudbeckia lustrous or radiant - stellated reed petals glow with a sunny orange color. Their rather large basket (10 cm in diameter) is crowned with dark purple tubular flowers. The height of the bushes of 60-80 cm is quite suitable for mixborders, a Moorish lawn, an alpine slide.
* Rudbeckia glossy - drooping ligulate marginal flowers of yellow color seem to be sad for the outgoing heat, decorating the autumn garden (bloom in September-October). Inflorescences are large, up to 12 cm in diameter. Tall bushes reach 1.2 meters in height.
* Rudbeckia is beautiful - juicy yellow-orange petals, three-toothed at the end, form a basket up to 10 cm in diameter. In the center of the basket a brown "navel" of tubular flowers sticks out fervently. The bush grows up to 60 centimeters in height, giving abundant flowering from July to September.
* Rudbeckia purpurea - large baskets (up to 12 cm in diameter) with purple tongues and a dark convex center are harmonious neighbors of monarda, liatris, phlox, loosestrife. The meter-long stems of the plant retain freshness for a long time in the cut, decorating a bouquet of fresh flowers with purple petals or a bouquet of dried flowers with their faded centers.
* Rudbeckia dissected - the same rudbeckia, which is lovingly called "Golden balls". Its spherical double flowers of bright yellow color in the recent past inhabited almost all village front gardens. Unpretentiousness to care, abundant flowering from July to September made them attractive for decorating a peasant farmstead on hot summer days for rural work.
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