2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
An evergreen or deciduous shrub that grows on all continents except Antarctica. Sumach's ability to tolerate environmental pollution makes the plant attractive for decoration of city parks and gardens. The shrub is especially beautiful in autumn, when its foliage becomes brightly colored
Rod Sumakh
Among the two and a half hundred species of plants of the genus Sumakh (Rhus) there are deciduous and evergreen; dioecious or monoecious; shrubs, trees or woody vines. Their height ranges from half a meter to 12 meters.
Odd-pinnate or trifoliate large leaves of sumach change their green summer outfit in the fall for bright colors that compete with each other. They can turn orange, bright yellow, purple, or red.
When summer is already on the heels in spring, inflorescences of small greenish flowers appear in the axils of the leaves or on the tops of the shoots, which are more often unisexual. The inflorescences are replaced by the lush infructescence of the drupe fruits.
Varieties
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Sumac fluffy (Rhus typhina or hirta) - the trunk of a shrub, which is the most common species of sumach, is covered with rough dark brown bark. Half-meter feathery leaves are painted in bright yellow, orange, red or purple colors in the fall. Dense panicle inflorescences are collected from pubescent greenish-yellow small flowers. The plant is dioecious. Lush red-crimson infructescence of pubescent fruits keep on branches for a long time.
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Sumakh smooth (Rhus glabra) is a dioecious shrub with smooth, compound feathery leaves, the underside of which is gray in color, and bare twigs. In autumn, the color of the sides evens out, becoming bright red. Conical panicle inflorescences from small flowers turn into numerous dark red fruits.
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Sumac fragrant (Rhus aromatic or canadensis) is a branched dioecious shrub with coarsely toothed trifoliate leaves that give off aroma when rubbed in the palm of your hand. Earlier, the leaves appear on the shrub, small inflorescences-ears, collected from greenish-yellow flowers.
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Sumakh Chinese (Rhus chinensis) is a dioecious plant with complex decorative leaves, consisting of arrow-shaped leaves that acquire a bright color in autumn.
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Sumach tanning (Rhus coriaria) is a deciduous dioecious tree that grows up to 18 meters in height, or a tall bush growing on stony dry slopes. It is grown as a dyeing, tanning and medicinal plant.
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Sumac pubescent (Rhus trichocarpa) - differs in copper-pink pinnate large leaves that turn into orange-crimson in the fall. The drooping fruits are yellow.
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Sumakh laconic (Rhus verniciflua) - has a poisonous sap that causes skin burns. Construction and decorative varnishes are prepared from the juice.
Growing
Plants that are unpretentious to soil and ambient air have come to the taste of polluted megacities, where they are used to decorate parks and gardens. They can grow on rocky, sandy and any other soils, but for the brightness of autumn foliage, it is better to provide plants with fertile soil. During the growing season, top dressing is done with organic fertilizer.
Watering is required for young plants. In the spring, watering is combined with mineral dressings.
Once every two to three years, to form a lush crown of a shrub, some species are cut to the root at the end of winter.
Sumakh loves sunny places. Withstands high and low temperatures (up to minus 20 degrees).
They are practically not affected by pests and diseases.
Reproduction
Propagated by sowing seeds, cuttings, root suckers, layering.
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